The increasing production of lignocellulosic agro-industrial waste from the timber industry has posed significant environmental challenges, while also offering opportunities for the reuse and valorization of these underutilized low-value resources. Effectively redirecting these waste materials can not only contribute to reducing improper disposal but also create a value chain around this new activity. One such possibility lies in using this waste for the T desired surfaces. So, this study aims to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of composites produced with polyurethane (PU) resin derived from castor oil, reinforced with timber waste from extractivism, specifically Louro Itaúba species (Mezilaurus itauba), arranged in three formulations: natural, treated with 5% and 10% NaOH solution. the composites were produced by thermocompression and underwent flexural tests, achieving an average elastic modulus of 435.5 ± 46.4 MPa. Flame resistance did not meet established safety standards. Thickness swelling after 24 hours of immersion complied with norms in all treatments, and specific density remained stable without significant variations. Morphological analysis of the residues used, and fracture surface revealed degradation in treatments with higher content.
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