Background: Reference equations for the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT) are
essential for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness but need to be tailored to the target
population, considering its specific physical and social characteristics. Aim: To
summarize the scientific evidence on reference equations for the ISWT in healthy
individuals in Brazil. Methods: This study is a scoping review conducted following the
JBI Collaboration methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies involving
(apparently) healthy individuals from the general population, without restrictions
regarding age, sex, or race/ethnicity, that reported reference equations and/or values for
the ISWT in a Brazilian context were included. The search strategy covered both
published and unpublished studies through the information sources CINAHL, EMBASE,
LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Sumários.org, Google Scholar, and grey literature sources.
Studies were selected by two blinded reviewers using the Rayyan platform. Data were
extracted using a form developed by the authors. Results: A total of 10 studies were
selected from 127 records identified in the information sources, with a combined sample
of 1,019 participants, aged 6 to approximately 80 years. Six reference equations for
Brazilians were mapped, mostly from studies conducted in the Southeast region of Brazil
(5/6). One equation was developed for children and adolescents (1/6), one for young
adults and middle-aged adults (1/6), and four for middle-aged adults and older adults
(4/6). None of the equations distinguished skin color and all provided gender-specific
calculations. Conclusion: A predominance of reference equations from studies conducted
in the Southeast region of Brazil was observed, focusing on middle-aged adults and older
adults, with no distinction by skin color and gender-specific formulas.
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