Dissertação

O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central

Mercury dynamics in fluvial basins can be influenced by pedagogical processes and interactions with soil organic matter. In the Brazilian Amazon soils have been shown to contain elevated levels of Mercury and play an importante role in the regional mercury cycle. Two classes of soils, hydromorphic p...

ver descrição completa

Autor principal: Sousa, Otávio Peleja de
Grau: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Publicado em: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA 2020
Assuntos:
Organogeoquímica
Pedogênese
Igarapés
Acesso em linha: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11256
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7976215069171360
id oai:repositorio:1-11256
recordtype dspace
spelling oai:repositorio:1-11256 O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central Sousa, Otávio Peleja de Forsberg, Bruce Rider Organogeoquímica Pedogênese Igarapés Mercury dynamics in fluvial basins can be influenced by pedagogical processes and interactions with soil organic matter. In the Brazilian Amazon soils have been shown to contain elevated levels of Mercury and play an importante role in the regional mercury cycle. Two classes of soils, hydromorphic podzols and latosols, both widely distributed in the Amazon Region, differ in their mercury loads and interact in distinct manners with organic matter. The interaction between mercury and organic matter is still poorly understood in these soils. The objective of the present study was to investigate the roles of hydromorphism and organic matter in the dynamics of mercury is first order stream basins draining these distinct soil types (hydromorphic podzol and latosol) in the Central Brazilian Amazon. Samples of soil and filtered stream water were collected from two first order stream basins, one containing predominantly hydromorphic podzols (Campina Reserve, Campina Stream) and one containing primarily latosols (Ducke Reserve, Barro Branco Stream). In each basin, vertical profiles of soil were sampled in three compartments along a topo-sequence (plateau, slope and lowland). Samples of filtered stream water and soils (fine <63 μm and coarse >63 μm) were analyzed for total mercury (HgTF and HgT) by CVAFS (MERX, Brooks Rand®) and CVAAS (FIMS 400, Perkin Elmer®), respectively. Samples of soil and water were also analyzed for water extractable organic carbon (COEA) and dissolved organic carbon, respectively, and specific UV absorption (SUVA254). Independent of topographic compartment and soil type, HgT concentrations were always highest in the fine fraction. HgT levels in podzols varied from 28-531 ng/g in the fine fraction and from 2-46 ng/g in the coarse fraction. In latosols, HgT varied from 221-340 ng/g in the fine fraction and from 25-107 ng/g in the coarse fraction. HgT concentrations in the podzol increased with declining elevation (plateau<slope<lowland), reflecting the progressive migration and accumulation of fine eluvial particals, rich in HgT, along the toposequence. The levels of COEA and SUVA254 in the podzols were positively correlated with HgT in both the fine fraction (Spearman; r=0,81 and 0,75, respectively) and the coarse fraction (r=0,66 e 0,86, respectively). The average concentration of HgTF in the stream draining podzols (9,6±3,7 ng/L) was significantly higher (t= 3,30; p=0,0035) than that in the stream draining latosols (4,9±2,8 ng/L). Postive correlations were observed between HgTF and SUVA254 (R2=0,95; p<0,001) and between HgTF and COD(R2= 0,94; p<0,001) in the stream draining hydromorphic podzols. Similar correlations were not found in the stream draining latosols. These results indicate that latosols are efficient at sequestering HgT and organic matter, while hydromorphism and organic matter dynamics in podzols play a fundamental role in mobilizing and exporting mercury to the Amazon river system. A dinâmica do mercúrio numa bacia fluvial pode ser influenciada por processos pedológicos e pelas interações com a matéria orgânica presente no solo. Na Amazônia brasileira, os solos apresentam elevadas cargas de mercúrio e desempenham papel importante no ciclo regional do mercúrio. Duas classes de solos, podzól hidromórfico e latossolo, são amplamente ocorrentes na região amazônica, apresentam diferentes cargas de Hg e, interagem de maneira distinta com matéria orgânica. A interação entre o mercúrio e a matéria orgânica ainda é mal compreendida nestes tipos de solos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os diferentes papéis do hidromorfismo e da matéria orgânica associada a estes dois tipos de solo (podzól hidromófico e latossolo), na dinâmica do mercúrio em microbacias da Amazônia central, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de solo e água de igarapé (filtrada) de duas microbacias com solos distintos, uma composta predominantemente de podzóis hidromóficos (Reserva da Campina, igarapé da campina) e uma de latossolos (Reserva Adolpho Ducke, igarapé barro branco). Dentro de cada microbacia, as amostras de solo foram coletadas em perfis verticais ao longo de uma topossequência, constituída de três compartimentos topográficos (platô, vertente e baixio). Amostras de água do igarapé (filtrada) e de solo (fração fina <63 μm e fração grossa >63 μm) foram analisadas para mercúrio total (HgT), utilizando CVAFS (MERX, Brooks Rand®) e CVAAS (FIMS 400, Perkin Elmer®), respectivamente. As amostras de solo e água foram também analisadas para carbono orgânico extraível em água (COEA), absorbância específica ultravioleta (SUVA254) e carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD), respectivamente. Independente do compartimento topográfico e tipo de solo, as concentrações de HgT nos solos foram maiores na fração fina. As concentrações de HgT nos podzóis variaram de 28-531 ng/g na fração fina e de 2-46 ng/g na fração grossa, e nos latossolos variaram de 221-340 ng/g na fração fina e de 25-107 ng/g na fração grossa. As concentrações de HgT aumentaram com o declínio do relevo nos podzóis (platô< vertente < baixio), refletindo o a migração e acumulo progressivo de partículas finas eluviadas, ricas em HgT, ao longo da topossequência. No podzól, o COEA e SUVA254 foram correlacionados positivamente com HgT na fração fina (Spearman; r=0,81 e 0,75, respectivamente) e grossa (r=0,66 e 0,86, respectivamente). A concentração média de HgTF nas águas do igarapé drenando podzóis (9,6±3,7 ng/L) foi significativamente maior (t= 3,30; p=0,0035) do que no igarapé drenando latossolos (4,9±2,8 ng/L). Foram observadas correlações positivas entre HgTF e SUVA254 (R2=0,95; p<0,001) e HgTF e COD(R2= 0,94; p<0,001) nas águas do igarapé drenando podzóis hidromórficos. As mesmas relações não foram observadas no igarapé drenando latossolos. Concluímos que os latossolos são exímios estocadores de HgT e matéria orgânica, e o hidromorfismo aliado a dinâmica da matéria orgânica nos podzóis desempenham papel fundamental na mobilização e exportação de mercúrio para o sistema fluvial Amazônico. 2020-02-13T18:21:53Z 2020-02-13T18:21:53Z 2015-04-17 Dissertação https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11256 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7976215069171360 por Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Biologia de Água Doce e Pesca Interior - BADPI
institution Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional
collection INPA-RI
language por
topic Organogeoquímica
Pedogênese
Igarapés
spellingShingle Organogeoquímica
Pedogênese
Igarapés
Sousa, Otávio Peleja de
O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
topic_facet Organogeoquímica
Pedogênese
Igarapés
description Mercury dynamics in fluvial basins can be influenced by pedagogical processes and interactions with soil organic matter. In the Brazilian Amazon soils have been shown to contain elevated levels of Mercury and play an importante role in the regional mercury cycle. Two classes of soils, hydromorphic podzols and latosols, both widely distributed in the Amazon Region, differ in their mercury loads and interact in distinct manners with organic matter. The interaction between mercury and organic matter is still poorly understood in these soils. The objective of the present study was to investigate the roles of hydromorphism and organic matter in the dynamics of mercury is first order stream basins draining these distinct soil types (hydromorphic podzol and latosol) in the Central Brazilian Amazon. Samples of soil and filtered stream water were collected from two first order stream basins, one containing predominantly hydromorphic podzols (Campina Reserve, Campina Stream) and one containing primarily latosols (Ducke Reserve, Barro Branco Stream). In each basin, vertical profiles of soil were sampled in three compartments along a topo-sequence (plateau, slope and lowland). Samples of filtered stream water and soils (fine <63 μm and coarse >63 μm) were analyzed for total mercury (HgTF and HgT) by CVAFS (MERX, Brooks Rand®) and CVAAS (FIMS 400, Perkin Elmer®), respectively. Samples of soil and water were also analyzed for water extractable organic carbon (COEA) and dissolved organic carbon, respectively, and specific UV absorption (SUVA254). Independent of topographic compartment and soil type, HgT concentrations were always highest in the fine fraction. HgT levels in podzols varied from 28-531 ng/g in the fine fraction and from 2-46 ng/g in the coarse fraction. In latosols, HgT varied from 221-340 ng/g in the fine fraction and from 25-107 ng/g in the coarse fraction. HgT concentrations in the podzol increased with declining elevation (plateau<slope<lowland), reflecting the progressive migration and accumulation of fine eluvial particals, rich in HgT, along the toposequence. The levels of COEA and SUVA254 in the podzols were positively correlated with HgT in both the fine fraction (Spearman; r=0,81 and 0,75, respectively) and the coarse fraction (r=0,66 e 0,86, respectively). The average concentration of HgTF in the stream draining podzols (9,6±3,7 ng/L) was significantly higher (t= 3,30; p=0,0035) than that in the stream draining latosols (4,9±2,8 ng/L). Postive correlations were observed between HgTF and SUVA254 (R2=0,95; p<0,001) and between HgTF and COD(R2= 0,94; p<0,001) in the stream draining hydromorphic podzols. Similar correlations were not found in the stream draining latosols. These results indicate that latosols are efficient at sequestering HgT and organic matter, while hydromorphism and organic matter dynamics in podzols play a fundamental role in mobilizing and exporting mercury to the Amazon river system.
author_additional Forsberg, Bruce Rider
author_additionalStr Forsberg, Bruce Rider
format Dissertação
author Sousa, Otávio Peleja de
title O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
title_short O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
title_full O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
title_fullStr O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
title_full_unstemmed O papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da Amazônia Central
title_sort o papel da matéria orgânica e do hidromorfismo na dinâmica do mercúrio em diferentes solos da amazônia central
publisher Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
publishDate 2020
url https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11256
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7976215069171360
_version_ 1787141736959574016
score 11.755432

Registros relacionados