Taxonomia e padrões de distribuição dos peixes anostomídeos (Characiformes, Anostomidae) na bacia do Rio Tapajós, Brasil
Known popularly as aracus or piaus, the fish family Anostomidae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) are widely distributed throughout South America, from Caribbean island of Trinidad to Argentina (Garavello et al., 1992). The Amazonian basin contains around half of the 140 known species. The present st...
| Autor principal: | Feitosa, Francimário da Silva |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11356 http://lattes.cnpq.br/8971449299552749 |
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Known popularly as aracus or piaus, the fish family Anostomidae (Ostariophysi:
Characiformes) are widely distributed throughout South America, from Caribbean
island of Trinidad to Argentina (Garavello et al., 1992). The Amazonian basin contains
around half of the 140 known species. The present study is a survey of species
anostomids in the Tapajós basin, based on analysis of fish collected in upper, middle
and low courses of this river and deposited in the collections of INPA and MZUSP. The
study area is situated in the northern state of Mato Grosso and western of Pará, part of
the "Aquatic Ecoregion Tapajós-Xingu", well known for a large number of waterfalls
and rapids and high degree of endemism (Buckup & Santos, 2010). We analyzed 364
specimens of this group of fish collected with different fishing gear and from different
locations and types of environment in the study area. The data analysis was based on
morphological and meristic taken the aid of calipers and a dissecting microscope, as
Garavello (1994) and Santos & Jégu (1996). Were recognized 28 species following,
listed in alphabetical order: Anostomoides laticeps, Anostomus ternetzi, Hypomasticus
julii, H. pachycheilus, Laemolyta proxima, Leporellus vittatus, Leporinus bistriatus, L.
brunneus, Leporinus cf. taeniofasciatus, Leporinus cf. unitaeniatus, L. cylindriformes,
L. desmotes, L. falcipinnis, L. friderici, L. maculatus, L. octomaculatus, L. reticulatus,
L. sexstriatus, , Leporinus sp. “britskii”, Leporinus sp. “tapaxingus”, L. tigrinus, L.
vanzoi, Petulanus intermedius, Pseudanos winterbottomi, Rhytiodus microlepis, Sartor
tucuruiense, Schizodon vittatus e Synaptolaemus cingulatus. Diagnoses and key to
identification were made, aiming to characterize and facilitate the identification of
species. Additionally, we mapped their occurrence and distribuition patterns of trace
local and regional. The wildlife of the Tapajós anostomids is the richest among all other
watersheds in the Amazon have been investigated. These fish live in different types of
environments of the basin, however approximately half the species occurred in areas of
rapids and waterfalls. The headwater region showed a high degree of endemism,
particularly with smaller species, meaning a high risk of local extinction if these areas
will be used to build series of dams, as has been reported on government plans outlined
for the region . |