Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas
Fishing in continental Waters constitutes in one of the most important food fountain and money to the Amazon population. Since the 70 decade the fishing activities of Siluriforms has been showed up in the Amazon fishing, establishing an important social and economic net to the region. This study...
| Autor principal: | Simão, Maria Olívia de Albuquerque Ribeiro |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11483 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2594654340373805 |
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oai:repositorio:1-11483 |
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oai:repositorio:1-11483 Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas Simão, Maria Olívia de Albuquerque Ribeiro Batista, Vandick da Silva Bittencourt, Maria Mercedes Grandes bagres Pesca artesanal Unidades de gestão Fishing in continental Waters constitutes in one of the most important food fountain and money to the Amazon population. Since the 70 decade the fishing activities of Siluriforms has been showed up in the Amazon fishing, establishing an important social and economic net to the region. This study objective is to contribute to the formulation of management politics related to the goldfish (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii) and piramutaba (B. vaillantii) fishing activities, that presented overfishing risks. The spatial and time standard of the activities are analyzed, considering the local environmental knowledge, as well the fishing strategies, territorialities, organization processes and the economical dependence degree to the activities along to Solimões-Amazonas river channel. The studies were realized in the main departure ports and in the rural communities of 29 country sides in the Amazonas and Pará States. The camp data were obtained between august in 2002 and july in 2003, based in 1520 partly saturated interviews. Also, the participants’ observation and free interviews were realized with local consulters. It’s deniable the essentially commercial character of catfishes fishing, thus it is noticed the spatial conformation, strongly related to the economical arrange that makes the market and stimulates the fishing exploitation of the studies species. The social economic profile and the dependence degree of the catfishes handcraft fishers haven’t been presented in a homogenous form in the Solimões-Amazonas river channel and defined from the socio economic and fishing criterions in four spatial management units: Estuary, Low Amazonas, Low Solimões and High Solimões. This heterogeneity is reflected in the economic dependence of the fishers to the catfishes fishing, by the way, the Estuary fishers are the most dependent, followed by the Low Amazonas and High Solimões fishers. The Low Solimões fishers are the less dependent. Even thus, it is noticed that the catfishes fishing along the whole axis contributes with more than 40% of the familiar annual gains of the fishers. Along the river channel, there were registered different property regimes and activities organization, classified in: (i) collective fishingline use; (ii) fishing-line communities; (iii) restrict fishing-line use. These regimes should be considered in the moment of the management implantation, because they are strategies that reflect the historical accommodation of the use conflicts of these resources and it has permitted the spatial ordination, resource use regulation and the activity organization. The Local Ecologic Knowledge – LEK of the catfishes fishers is indispensible in the fishing exploration in the Solimões-Amazonas river, reducing this fishing modality uncertainty. Considering that these species realizes large migrations in the whole Solimões-Amazonas river channel and its tributes to the total reach scale of the management should be macro scaled, having the Amazon basin as a management macro unit. The spatial units identified in this study could facilitate the governors and society management, which mechanisms should be adopted in a way to guarantee the higher representative and to fortify the local management capable. Therefore, to reach this level of management is vital that the State and the development agency invest in the improvement of socio-politic action of the local population and resource user groups, respecting its logic and knowledge. A pesca em águas continentais se constitui em uma das mais importantes fontes de alimento e renda para a população da bacia Amazônica. Desde a década de 70 a pesca de Siluriformes passou a ter destaque entre as pescarias amazônicas com o estabelecimento de uma cadeia social e econômica importante para a região. O objetivo deste estudo é contribuir para a formulação de políticas de manejo da pesca de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii) e piramutaba (B. vaillantii), que já apresentam risco de sobrepesca. São analisados padrões espaciais e temporais da atividade, considerando o conhecimento ecológico local, estratégias de pesca, territorialidades, processos de organização e grau de dependência econômica dos pescadores à atividade ao longo da calha do rio Solimões-Amazonas. Os estudos foram realizados nos principais portos de desembarque e em comunidades rurais de 29 municípios dos estados do Amazonas e Pará. Os dados de campo foram obtidos entre agosto de 2002 e junho de 2003, baseados em 1.520 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Também foram realizadas observação participante e entrevistas livres com “consultores locais”. É inegável o caráter essencialmente comercial da pesca de bagres, e como tal, verifica-se a conformação da espacialidade fortemente relacionada ao arranjo econômico que viabiliza a comercialização e estimula a explotação pesqueira das espécies estudadas. O perfil socioeconômico e o grau de dependência econômica do pescador artesanal de bagres não se apresentam de forma homogênea na calha do rio Solimões-Amazonas e a partir de critérios socioeconômicos e pesqueiros foram definidas quatro unidades espaciais de gestão: Estuário, baixo Amazonas, baixo Solimões e alto Solimões. Essa heterogeneidade se reflete ainda na dependência econômica dos pescadores à pesca de bagres sendo os pescadores do Estuário os mais dependentes, seguidos dos pescadores do baixo Amazonas e alto Solimões. Os pescadores do baixo Solimões são os menos dependentes. Mesmo assim, verifica-se que a pesca de bagres ao longo de todo eixo contribui com mais de 40% da renda média familiar anual dos pescadores. Foram registrados ao longo da calha diferentes regimes de propriedade e organização da atividade, classificados em: (i) pesqueiros de uso coletivo; (ii) pesqueiros comunitários; e (iii) pesqueiros de uso restrito. Estes regimes devem ser considerados quando da implementação do manejo, pois são estratégias que refletem a acomodação histórica dos conflitos pelo uso desses recursos e têm permitido a ordenação do espaço, regulação do uso dos recursos e organização da atividade. O Conhecimento Ecológico Local - CEL dos pescadores de bagres é indispensável na explotação pesqueira no rio Solimões-Amazonas diminuindo as incertezas dessa modalidade de pesca. Por se tratar de espécies que realizam grandes migrações em toda a calha do Solimões-Amazonas e seus tributários a escala de abrangência total do manejo deve ser a macroescala, tendo a bacia Amazônica como macrounidade de gestão. As unidades espaciais identificadas neste estudo facilitariam a gestão e o manejo por parte de governos e sociedade civil organizada, devendo ser adotados mecanismos de co-gestão de forma a garantir maior representatividade e fortalecer a capacidade gerencial local. Concluímos que para que se alcance esse nível de gestão é imprescindível que o Estado e as agências de desenvolvimento invistam em ações de fortalecimento sócio-político das populações locais e dos grupos de usuários de recursos naturais, respeitando sua lógica e conhecimentos. 2020-02-17T15:21:26Z 2020-02-17T15:21:26Z 2009-04-08 Tese https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11483 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2594654340373805 por Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Biologia de Água Doce e Pesca Interior - BADPI |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
por |
| topic |
Grandes bagres Pesca artesanal Unidades de gestão |
| spellingShingle |
Grandes bagres Pesca artesanal Unidades de gestão Simão, Maria Olívia de Albuquerque Ribeiro Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| topic_facet |
Grandes bagres Pesca artesanal Unidades de gestão |
| description |
Fishing in continental Waters constitutes in one of the most important food fountain
and money to the Amazon population. Since the 70 decade the fishing activities of
Siluriforms has been showed up in the Amazon fishing, establishing an important social
and economic net to the region. This study objective is to contribute to the formulation of
management politics related to the goldfish (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii) and
piramutaba (B. vaillantii) fishing activities, that presented overfishing risks. The spatial
and time standard of the activities are analyzed, considering the local environmental
knowledge, as well the fishing strategies, territorialities, organization processes and the
economical dependence degree to the activities along to Solimões-Amazonas river
channel. The studies were realized in the main departure ports and in the rural
communities of 29 country sides in the Amazonas and Pará States. The camp data were
obtained between august in 2002 and july in 2003, based in 1520 partly saturated
interviews. Also, the participants’ observation and free interviews were realized with local
consulters. It’s deniable the essentially commercial character of catfishes fishing, thus it is
noticed the spatial conformation, strongly related to the economical arrange that makes
the market and stimulates the fishing exploitation of the studies species. The social
economic profile and the dependence degree of the catfishes handcraft fishers haven’t
been presented in a homogenous form in the Solimões-Amazonas river channel and
defined from the socio economic and fishing criterions in four spatial management units:
Estuary, Low Amazonas, Low Solimões and High Solimões. This heterogeneity is
reflected in the economic dependence of the fishers to the catfishes fishing, by the way,
the Estuary fishers are the most dependent, followed by the Low Amazonas and High
Solimões fishers. The Low Solimões fishers are the less dependent. Even thus, it is
noticed that the catfishes fishing along the whole axis contributes with more than 40% of
the familiar annual gains of the fishers. Along the river channel, there were registered
different property regimes and activities organization, classified in: (i) collective fishingline use; (ii) fishing-line communities; (iii) restrict fishing-line use. These regimes should
be considered in the moment of the management implantation, because they are
strategies that reflect the historical accommodation of the use conflicts of these resources
and it has permitted the spatial ordination, resource use regulation and the activity
organization. The Local Ecologic Knowledge – LEK of the catfishes fishers is
indispensible in the fishing exploration in the Solimões-Amazonas river, reducing this
fishing modality uncertainty. Considering that these species realizes large migrations in
the whole Solimões-Amazonas river channel and its tributes to the total reach scale of the
management should be macro scaled, having the Amazon basin as a management
macro unit. The spatial units identified in this study could facilitate the governors and
society management, which mechanisms should be adopted in a way to guarantee the
higher representative and to fortify the local management capable. Therefore, to reach
this level of management is vital that the State and the development agency invest in the
improvement of socio-politic action of the local population and resource user groups,
respecting its logic and knowledge. |
| author_additional |
Batista, Vandick da Silva |
| author_additionalStr |
Batista, Vandick da Silva |
| format |
Tese |
| author |
Simão, Maria Olívia de Albuquerque Ribeiro |
| title |
Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| title_short |
Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| title_full |
Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| title_fullStr |
Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (Brachyplatystoma rouseauxii Castelnau, 1855) e Piramutaba (B. Vaillantii Valenciennes, 1840) na Calha do Rio Solimões-Amazonas |
| title_sort |
territorialidade, socioeconomia e conhecimento ecológico local da pesca artesanal de dourada (brachyplatystoma rouseauxii castelnau, 1855) e piramutaba (b. vaillantii valenciennes, 1840) na calha do rio solimões-amazonas |
| publisher |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11483 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2594654340373805 |
| _version_ |
1787142720666468352 |
| score |
11.675608 |