Metazoários parasitos de um peixe detritívoro de lagos de várzea do rio Solimões, Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) e uma avaliação de seu uso como espécies bioindicadoras de efeito em mudanças ambientais na Amazônia
Were analyzed 248 individuals of Pterygoplichthys pardalis caught in five lowland lakes of the Amazon. The mean fish length was 24.5cm ± 8.8 and the mean weight was 213.9g ± 102.6. The sampled lakes were: Baixio; Black; Ananá and Araçá on the river Solimões and São Tomé on the Purus river, locate...
| Autor principal: | Porto, Daniel Brito |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11484 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7075719753879698 |
| Resumo: |
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Were analyzed 248 individuals of Pterygoplichthys pardalis caught in five lowland lakes
of the Amazon. The mean fish length was 24.5cm ± 8.8 and the mean weight was 213.9g
± 102.6. The sampled lakes were: Baixio; Black; Ananá and Araçá on the river Solimões
and São Tomé on the Purus river, located between the cities of Manaus and Coari in the
state of Amazonas. Necropsies were performed in the field and the organs were fixed. The
qualitative descriptors of the parasite populations were: number of individuals, stage of
maturation and dominance of each species and their importance. A total of 1,635 parasite
specimens from five taxa were collected: Monogenoidea (785); Digenea (795), Cestoda
(1), Acanthocephala (50) and Copepoda (4). Four species parasitized the gills: three of
Monogenoidea: Unilatus brevispinus, Heteropriapulus heterotylus and Trinigyrus mourei
and one of Copepoda, Therodamas elongatus. Six species of Digenea occurred:
metacercariae of Diplostomum sp., Austrodiplostomum compactum, Odhineriotrema
microcephala and adults of Megacoelium spinispecum, M. spinicavum and Kalitrema
kalitrema. The metacercariae parasited the eyes, stomach, gonads and surface of internal
organs. A larva of Proteocephalidea was found on the surface of the intestine. A species of
Acanthocephala Gorytocephalus elongorchis inside the intestine. Digenea was the most
diverse taxa with 50% of the species, followed by Monogenoidea 25%. Among the
components of the P. pardalis infracommunity, two species were the most abundant during
the four hydrological periods: Monogenoidea, U. brevispinus in flood (56.1%) and ebb
(81.6), and Digenea, Diplostomum sp . (73.2%) and dry (93%). Of the twelve species found
in the community component: Diplostomum sp. and U. brevispinus were the species that
parasitized the largest number of hosts and had the highest parasitological indexes. Unilatus
brevispinus was the most abundant species. Diplostomum sp. was the species that fulfilled
the requirements proposed by Overstreet (1997) to be an environmental bioindicator
species. |