Diversidade beta, métodos de amostragem e influência de fatores ambientais sobre uma comunidade de lagartos na Amazônia Central
This study evaluated a lizard community distribution along four environmental gradients (tree density, litter depth, clay soil content and slope); evaluated the effect of two watersheds on the community composition, species richness and abundance; tested the use of rarefaction curves and richness es...
| Autor principal: | Pinto, Maria Goretti de Melo |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12228 http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4795566E8 |
| Resumo: |
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This study evaluated a lizard community distribution along four environmental gradients (tree density, litter depth, clay soil content and slope); evaluated the effect of two watersheds on the community composition, species richness and abundance; tested the use of rarefaction curves and richness estimators to estimate the number of species; evaluated the cost-benefit relationship of two lizard s survey methods; and evaluated the individual answer of the five most abundant (most detected) community species to four environmental variables. The study was carried out between 2003 and 2005, at Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, periphery of Manaus, Amazonas state. The study and the site are part of an integrated and systematic biotic and abiotic survey strategy in Amazônia, the RAPELD. The area vegetation is characterized by a terra-firme primary forest. The lizards were surveyed three times at 72 parcels, through the visual encounter and search in the leaf litter; and surveyed with pitfall traps for 21 days, at 32 parcels. The lizard community composition was represented by axes of HMDS ordinations. Twenty one lizards were registered during the study. The community showed low beta diversity and most of the species were distributed throughout the reserve. Only the species Neusticurus bicarinatus, Alopoglossus angulatus, Pseudogonatodes guianensis, Tupinambis teguixin and Uranoscodon supersiliosus were associated with low areas, near streams. The density of trees was the environmental variable most related to the community composition and to the abundance of lizards, showing a negative effect on both. The soil clay content (or altitude) affected negatively the number of species: the low areas were richer. Among the five most abundant species of the community, four were influenced mainly by the density of trees, negative or positively, depending on the species. However, the effects of the environmental gradients were weak. The watersheds just affected the abundance of lizards, the west watershed being more abundant. The rarefaction asymptotes, as well as the richness estimators, could not predict similar number of species for both watersheds and were considered inadequate methods. The visual encounter and search of the leaf litter survey presented better cost/benefit relationship, compared to the pitfalls. The first method should be used prior to the second, on rap surveys that want to compare different habitats and identify distribution patterns in lizard communities, in Amazonia forests. |