Tese

Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal

Giant otters live in cohesive groups, which defend territories during the dry season. Little is known about the spatial ecology of the species during the flooding period, when it is believed that groups abandon their territories. The strong cohesion between group members and the territorial behavior...

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Autor principal: Leuchtenberger, Caroline
Grau: Tese
Idioma: por
Publicado em: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA 2020
Assuntos:
Acesso em linha: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12234
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4778149Y0
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spelling oai:repositorio:1-12234 Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal Leuchtenberger, Caroline Magnusson, William Ernest Mourão, Guilherme de Miranda Ariranha Bioacústica Vocalização de Ariranhas Giant otters live in cohesive groups, which defend territories during the dry season. Little is known about the spatial ecology of the species during the flooding period, when it is believed that groups abandon their territories. The strong cohesion between group members and the territorial behavior of the species indicate that giant otters use a complex vocalization system, to provide the stability and communication within and among groups. The present study aimed to: 1) to describe the activity pattern of giant otter groups in the Pantanal; 2) to estimate home range size of groups and landscape selection patterns between dry and wet seasons in Pantanal; 3) to look for the effect of season on territory size, territory exclusivity and territorial behaviour of giant otter groups; 4) to describe the vocal repertoire of the species, according to the behavioral context in which sound were emitted; and 5) to test if alarm sounds may present potential identity coding. Ten giant otter groups were monitored through visual observations between June 2009 and June 2011 in the Vermelho and Miranda Rivers, and another seven groups were monitored in the Negro River from September 2009 to June 2011. Three adult males of different groups were monitored with radio-telemetry between November 2009 and June 2011 in the first study area. Camera traps were located on active dens and latrines to record activity patterns in 24-h cycles. Vocalizations and the behavior of senders were recorded during the field campaigns. Groups presented a crepuscular and diurnal activity pattern, but 31% of photographic records occurred at night. The home range size of groups increased from 4 to 59 times during the wet seasons and some groups left their territories during flooding. Some groups overlapped the territories boundaries of neighboring groups. Territory size was correlated with group size in both seasons. The size of exclusive territories of giant otter groups was negatively related with intruder pressure. The vocal repertoire of the species was classified from 15 sounds emitted in different behavioral contexts. Alarm sounds varied significantly among groups and individuals, with a higher discrimination between females and males, which may be related to the body size of the senders and, consequently, sexual dimorphism. Ariranhas vivem em grupos coesos, que defendem ativamente territórios, durante a estação seca. Durante o período de inundação, a ecologia espacial da espécie é pouco é conhecida, quando acredita-se que os grupos abandonam seus territórios. Grupos de ariranhas são coesão e territoriais, indicando que a espécie utilize um elaborado sistema de comunicação vocal, para garantir a estabilidade e comunicação dentro e entre os grupos. O presente estudo teve como objetivos gerais: 1) descrever o padrão de atividade de grupos de ariranhas no Pantanal; 2) estimar o tamanho de área de vida e o padrão de seleção de habitat de grupos de ariranhas em um ambiente sazonal; 3) compreender os efeitos da sazonalidade no tamanho de território e de territórios exclusivos, e do comportamento territorial de grupos de ariranhas; 4) descrever o repertório vocal da espécie, relacionando os tipos sonoros com o contexto comportamental em que foram emitidos; 5) testar se sons de alarme apresentam características acústicas potenciais para codificação individual. Dez grupos de ariranhas foram monitorados através de observações diretas entre junho de 2009 e junho de 2011 nos rios Vermelho e Miranda, e outros sete grupos foram monitorados no rio Negro entre setembro de 2009 e junho de 2011. Três machos adultos de diferentes grupos foram monitorados com rádio-telemetria entre novembro de 2009 e junho de 2011 na primeira área de estudo. Armadilhas fotográficas foram armadas em locas e latrinas ativas de oito grupos de ariranhas nas duas áreas de estudo, a fim de registrar atividades em ciclos de 24-h. Vocalizações e o comportamento dos emissores foram gravados ao longo das campanhas. Os grupos apresentaram um padrão de atividade crepuscular e diurno, mas 31% dos registros de armadilhas fotográficas ocorreram no período noturno. A área de vida dos grupos foi de 4 a 59 vezes maior no período chuvoso e alguns grupos abandonaram seus territórios durante a inundação. Alguns grupos sobrepuseram os limites de seus territórios com grupos vizinhos. O tamanho dos territórios foi correlacionado com o tamanho do grupo em ambas as estações. O tamanho dos territórios exclusivos foi negativamente relacionado com a pressão de intrusos. O repertório vocal da espécie foi classificado em 15 tipos sonoros emitidos em diferentes contextos. Sons de alarme variaram significativamente entre grupos e indivíduos, com uma discriminação maior entre fêmeas e machos, o que pode estar relacionado ao tamanho corporal dos emissores e, consequente dimorfismo sexual. 2020-02-17T19:00:17Z 2020-02-17T19:00:17Z 2012-12-13 Tese https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12234 http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4778149Y0 por Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Ecologia
institution Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional
collection INPA-RI
language por
topic Ariranha
Bioacústica
Vocalização de Ariranhas
spellingShingle Ariranha
Bioacústica
Vocalização de Ariranhas
Leuchtenberger, Caroline
Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
topic_facet Ariranha
Bioacústica
Vocalização de Ariranhas
description Giant otters live in cohesive groups, which defend territories during the dry season. Little is known about the spatial ecology of the species during the flooding period, when it is believed that groups abandon their territories. The strong cohesion between group members and the territorial behavior of the species indicate that giant otters use a complex vocalization system, to provide the stability and communication within and among groups. The present study aimed to: 1) to describe the activity pattern of giant otter groups in the Pantanal; 2) to estimate home range size of groups and landscape selection patterns between dry and wet seasons in Pantanal; 3) to look for the effect of season on territory size, territory exclusivity and territorial behaviour of giant otter groups; 4) to describe the vocal repertoire of the species, according to the behavioral context in which sound were emitted; and 5) to test if alarm sounds may present potential identity coding. Ten giant otter groups were monitored through visual observations between June 2009 and June 2011 in the Vermelho and Miranda Rivers, and another seven groups were monitored in the Negro River from September 2009 to June 2011. Three adult males of different groups were monitored with radio-telemetry between November 2009 and June 2011 in the first study area. Camera traps were located on active dens and latrines to record activity patterns in 24-h cycles. Vocalizations and the behavior of senders were recorded during the field campaigns. Groups presented a crepuscular and diurnal activity pattern, but 31% of photographic records occurred at night. The home range size of groups increased from 4 to 59 times during the wet seasons and some groups left their territories during flooding. Some groups overlapped the territories boundaries of neighboring groups. Territory size was correlated with group size in both seasons. The size of exclusive territories of giant otter groups was negatively related with intruder pressure. The vocal repertoire of the species was classified from 15 sounds emitted in different behavioral contexts. Alarm sounds varied significantly among groups and individuals, with a higher discrimination between females and males, which may be related to the body size of the senders and, consequently, sexual dimorphism.
author_additional Magnusson, William Ernest
author_additionalStr Magnusson, William Ernest
format Tese
author Leuchtenberger, Caroline
title Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
title_short Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
title_full Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
title_fullStr Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
title_full_unstemmed Ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Pantanal
title_sort ecologia espacial e comunicação vocal de ariranhas (pteronura brasiliensis) no pantanal
publisher Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
publishDate 2020
url https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12234
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4778149Y0
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score 11.755432