Diversificação do complexo Allobates femoralis (Anura, Dendrobatidae) em florestas da Amazônia brasileira: desvendando padrões atuais e históricos.
In this study, I analyze aspects of the diversity and evolution of a group of phylogenetically related anuran species, which are widely distributed along the Amazon basin, and which have been historically recognized as belonging to a single taxon: Allobates femoralis. The first chapter addresses...
| Autor principal: | Simões, Pedro Ivo |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12243 http://lattes.cnpq.br/5292314762059126 |
| Resumo: |
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In this study, I analyze aspects of the diversity and evolution of a group of
phylogenetically related anuran species, which are widely distributed along the Amazon
basin, and which have been historically recognized as belonging to a single taxon:
Allobates femoralis. The first chapter addresses the systematic relationships between
several allopatric populations of this group and formalizes the recognition and description
of a new species: Allobates hodli. It also highlights the occurrence of additional
monophyletic lineages, which present particular acoustic and morphological phenotypes,
and are indicated as potential cryptic species. In the second chapter, I evaluate the effect
of the Madeira River on the genetic, morphological, and acoustic differentiation between
A. femoralis populations distributed along both interfluves, applying phylogeographic
analyses in order to verify the congruence between observed differentiation patterns and
those expected if the Madeira River has functioned as a vicariant barrier since its origin.
Phylogenetic and population analyses based on mitochondrial molecular markers
suggests patterns that are coincident with the hypothesis that the Madeira River channel
represents a historical barrier causing the isolation between populations from opposite
riverbanks. However, the effectiveness of the river as a vicariant barrier is variable along
its course, and possible events of dispersal between riverbanks are reported for localities
between its middle and upper course. Morphology and calls of populations sampled on
the same interfluve are not more similar to each other in when compared to populations
sampled on the opposite riverbank, suggesting that differentiation of phenotypic
characters is influenced by additional evolutionary mechanisms. In the third chapter, I
present the genetic characterization of a contact zone between A. femoralis and A. hodli,
located on the upper Madeira River. Analyses of mitochondrial and microsatellite
molecular markers suggest that natural hybridization between the two species is more
frequent along the geographic central line of the contact zone, decaying abruptly less than
two kilometers downstream and upstream of this area. Genetic diversity estimates
measured at sites adjacent to the contact zone support the existence of selection against
hybrids originating from direct crosses between parental individuals belonging to the two
species. |