Perspectivas Macroecológicas Nas Áreas Úmidas Dominadas Por Mauritia Na Amazônia
The palm genus Mauritia L.f (Arecaceae) is a principal component of Neotropical freshwater swamp and flooded-savanna vegetation. As such, these palms indicate near-permanent waterlogging at or near ground surface. In this study, expeditionary and exploratory research was undertaken to sample the...
| Autor principal: | Householder, John Ethan |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12245 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2110092658801405 |
| Resumo: |
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The palm genus Mauritia L.f (Arecaceae) is a principal component of Neotropical freshwater
swamp and flooded-savanna vegetation. As such, these palms indicate near-permanent
waterlogging at or near ground surface. In this study, expeditionary and exploratory research
was undertaken to sample the woody vegetation communities of Mauritia-dominated
wetlands (MDWs). A total of 28 MDWs were quantitatively sampled in the Brazilian and
Peruvian Amazon. Field work resulted in >3000 botanical collections accompanied by >8000
photographic images made publically available through online resources
(http://atrium.andesamazon.org/). Over 40,000 individual woody stems were documented,
distributed among 89 families, 318 genera and ~750 woody species. Taking advantage of the
indicator status of Mauritia for near-permanently waterlogged substrates – an extreme abiotic
condition in the region - the community ecology of woody vegetation of this common
Amazonian wetland habitat was investigated across a broad spatial scale regarding its
taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographic structure. Data indicate reduced local site
richness in MDW vegetation communities, consistent with previous investigation. Over
broad spatial scales results show that rather than being comprised of a predictable set of
habitat specialists, MDWs exhibit high site-to-site compositional variability relative to
surrounding upland forest vegetation. Community phylogenetic analyses reveal that the
ability to occupy MDWs is widely distributed in a phylogenetically diverse array of
Amazonian forest taxa. Biogeographic analyses reveal that assemblages demonstrate
consistent patterns of compositional turnover along local stress gradients, transitioning from
largely Amazonian-distributed lineages in forested sites to increasingly extra-Amazoniandistributed
lineages in shrubby sites. I suggest that traditionally perceived patterns of
community homogeneity of MDWs occur alongside previously underappreciated patterns of
taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity. Taking the results together, I argue that
comparative analyses of MDW communities offer unique insight into current models of
Amazonian plant and ecosystem diversity that are based almost completely on upland forests,
contributing to both Amazonian biodiversity theory (Chapter 1 and 2) and applied science
(Chapter 3). |