Estudo filogenético de Scionini Enderlein, 1922 (Diptera,Tabanidae, Pangoniinae)
Tabanidae is one of most diversity taxa of the order Diptera, has three subfamilies, 156 genera and about 4,450 valid species. Scionini has an austral distribution and is inserted in Pangoniinae. A recent phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data modified the internal relations of the tribe, dem...
| Autor principal: | Krolow, Tiago Kütter |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12314 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4059206802096874 |
| Resumo: |
|---|
|
Tabanidae is one of most diversity taxa of the order Diptera, has three subfamilies, 156 genera and about 4,450 valid species. Scionini has an austral distribution and is inserted in Pangoniinae. A recent phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data modified the internal relations of the tribe, demonstrating the paraphyly of some groups and generating a new proposal of classification for the tribe. In chapter 1 the first phylogenetic study of Scionini based on morphological characters was conducted. For this, three parsimony analysis were run, all with 108 male and female morphological characters, but with different sampling of species (74, 105 and 84). In all analyzes the characters were treated with equal weights and unordered. The parsimony analysis was performed in the TNT Software, heuristic search. For all analyzes 100,000 trees were stored in memory, with 10,000 replications, holding 10 trees per replication using the TBR algorithm. Analysis I resulted in four equally parsimonious trees with length of 803 steps, whereas the topology of the strict consensus had a length of 805 steps. Analysis II obtained 10 equally parsimonious trees with 912 steps and a strict consensus topology with 928 steps. In analysis III, 38 equally parsimonious trees with a length of 848 steps, whereas for the strict consensus tree was 1003 steps. The topology chosen in this study followed the results of the strict consensus tree from analysis I, in which Scionini is a monophyletic group supported by one synapomorphy: pilose eyes, and two homoplasies: tergite IX with length subequal to tergite X; Sperm pump longer than length of the genital fork. Scionini was divided into 14 genera and ten subgenera: Anzomyia Lessard, 2012; Aotearomyia Lessard, 2014; Copidapha Enderlein, 1922; Fidena (Fidena Walker, 1850; Laphriomyia Lutz, 1911; Leptofidena Kröber, 1930; Neopangonia Lutz, 1909); Lepmia Fairchild 1969; Myioscaptia Mackerras, 1955; Palimmecomyia Taylor, 1917; Pityocera Gilgio-Tos, 1896; Plinthina Walker, 1850; Pseudomelpia Enderlein, 1922; Pseudoscione Lutz, 1918; Scaptia (Apocampta Schiner, 1867 stat. n.; Calliosca Enderlein, 1925 stat. n.; Osca Walker, 1850 stat. n.; Scaptia Walker, 1850; Triclista Enderlein, 1922 stat. n.; and a new subgenus), Scione Walker, 1850; and a new genus. In chapter 2 the taxonomic revision of Pityocera was undertaken, based on internal and external morphological characters of adults, by study of the type-material and additional material from various collections. Five valid species were accepted: P. cervus (Wiedemann); P. festai Giglio-Tos; P. nana (Walker); P. nigribasis Fairchild; e P. patellicornis (Kröber); and five new species were described. Additionally, diagnoses, descriptions, redescriptions, distribution records, illustrations and discussions for all species were provided, besides an identification key for females. |