Ilhas de calor na cidade de Manaus: aspectos observacionais e de modelagem
The phenomenon of heat island in the city of Manaus was studied with the use of remote sensing data and modeling of urban climate. For remote data was used MODIS Aqua satellite environmental products MYD11C3 (surface temperature - monthly average) and MYD13C2 (vegetation indices - NDVI and EVI - mon...
| Autor principal: | Corrêa, Polari Batista |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12591 http://lattes.cnpq.br/0073697861251731 |
| Resumo: |
|---|
|
The phenomenon of heat island in the city of Manaus was studied with the use of remote sensing data and modeling of urban climate. For remote data was used MODIS Aqua satellite environmental products MYD11C3 (surface temperature - monthly average) and MYD13C2 (vegetation indices - NDVI and EVI - monthly average), both in resolution 5 km by 5 km. We also used the product MYD11A2 (surface temperature) at 1 km resolution for 1 km from the same sensor for 2002-2012. A case study was analyzed for the months of August and September 2009 with product MYD11A2 and also simulations with the WRF model on the scale of 1 km by 1 km. In resolution 5 km by 5 km was possible to identify the hottest areas of the city in association with the trend of surface temperature (TS) and vegetation indices over the period 2003-2011, in order to ascertain a relationship between coverage and temperature surface. The results show that there is an inverse relationship between vegetation indices and surface temperature, where the increase in heating was accompanied by a decrease in coverage. The quantification of the heat island intensity (HII) for the domain of the city of Manaus indicated values between 4 ° C and 9 ° C for this spatial resolution. In the case study it was possible to identify the spatial distribution of TS, indicating that the hottest areas are in the southern zones and the intersection of Eastern and Northern zones of the city. We analyzed two transects (latitudinal and longitudinal) for analyzing the HII via the TS data from satellites showed 29 º C to 43 º C and HII 10 ° C (regarding forest) at 13 ° C (relative to the river), while The model had between 38 º C to 43 º C and 5 º C and HII (with respect to forest) to 13 ° C (relative to the river). At the end of the experimental variables of the radiation balance and energy of the model and it was found that the energy flows in the urban area are differentiated in relation to the forest environment and the model represented them satisfactorily, however, the radiation short wave needs to be better adjusted in the model parameterization. Were also analyzed temperature data from weather stations air of the forest area and the urban area as well as field measurements of temperature and humidity in the urban area, which were compared to the results obtained from the use of MODIS and modeling, corroborating them. Therefore, both the remote data as numerical modeling presented themselves as effective tools for the study of the phenomenon of heat island to the city. |