Levantamento florístico e distribuição vertical de epífitas vasculares sobre Aldina heterophylla Spruce ex Benth
Surveys of vascular holoepiphytes were conducted in three campinarana forests where epiphytes were raised in 36 phorophytes (Aldina heterophylla), 12 in each area, with DBH ≥ 20 cm, and 360 saplings, 10 around each host tree with DBH ≤ 10cm. In the surveys were noted areas of occurrence of epiphy...
| Autor principal: | Mari, Maikel Lamego Guimarães |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12735 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2132935594271777 |
| Resumo: |
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Surveys of vascular holoepiphytes were conducted in three campinarana forests where
epiphytes were raised in 36 phorophytes (Aldina heterophylla), 12 in each area, with
DBH ≥ 20 cm, and 360 saplings, 10 around each host tree with DBH ≤ 10cm. In the
surveys were noted areas of occurrence of epiphytes: Zone 1 - basal part of the stem (0-
2m); Zone 2 - stem up to the first branch, disregarding isolated branches below the
canopy, also divided into wetland (2a) and dry zone (2b); Zone 3 - basal part of large
branches (first third) until the first branch; Zone 4 - Second-third of the branches; Zone 5
- Third of external branch length for larger diameter phorophytes; while the incidence in
young trees was considered a distinct area, S. Zone. Structural parameters were
calculated and dimensionality of the species composition of epiphytic between
phorophytes was reduced by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA). The effects of site,
area and dimension (reason DBH:height) of the host tree on the attributes of the
community (richness, diversity and floristic composition) were tested through hierarchical
ANCOVA models with nested area within the site and the reason DBH: height as
covariate. In the results of surveys of 36 major phorophytes, were recorded 5922
epiphytes, distributed in eight families, 34 genera and 71 species. The
monocotyledonous were represented by four families and 62 species (87.3% ), while
eudicotyledonous by two families and three species (4.2%) and fern with two families
and six species (8.4%). On saplings 612 epiphytes, distributed in 5 families, 24 genera
and 38 species were recorded. The three most important species by VIE were:
Elaphoglossum glabellum (10.3 %), Elaphoglossum auricomum (6.4 %) and Camaridium
ochroleucum (6.2 %). The greatest densities of epiphytes occurred in canopy zones (3, 4
and 5), being in zone 3 the greatest number of individuals. The floristic composition
between A. heterophylla and saplings was dissimilar, with only two species (out of 73)
occurring exclusively in saplings. The proportion of variance attributed to two hierarchical
factors and covariate jointly differ for the different attributes of the community and the
level of explanation of the hierarchical factors differ between individual attributes. For the
composition of epiphytes (PCoA axis 1 and axis 2), 73-78 % of the variance was
explained by site, zone and reason DAP x height. In this case, the first two were highly
significant, with most of the area explaining the variation of the gradient along the first
axis defined by the composition of the PCoA and, instead, site explained most of the
variation along the axis 2 of the PCoA, also significantly explaining the diversity (Fisher 's
alpha), while species richness was best explained by area. The epiphytic stratum of the
three investigated campinaranas proved quite distinct between areas and there was a
clear separation in floristic composition between areas of crown and bole of phorophytes. |