Estudo etnofarmacognóstico de plantas medicinais popularmente indicadas para tratamento de doenças tropicais em nove comunidades ribeirinhas do rio Solimões no trecho Coari-Manaus-AM
The Amazon is a biome that has a significant cultural and biological diversity. The local knowledge of coastal communities regarding medicinal plants can serve as a basis for discovery of new drugs for tropical diseases care that affect these populations. This work focuses on the analysis of info...
| Autor principal: | Prata-Alonso, Ressiliane Ribeiro |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12843 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7951252914255135 |
| Resumo: |
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The Amazon is a biome that has a significant cultural and biological diversity. The local
knowledge of coastal communities regarding medicinal plants can serve as a basis for
discovery of new drugs for tropical diseases care that affect these populations. This work
focuses on the analysis of information about medicinal plants used for tropical diseases for
coastal communities and identify chemically active substances in cells and/or tissue in
selected species from the calculation of the concurrence of primary use of a species (CPU).
The survey was conducted in nine coastal communities along the stretch Coari-Manaus/AM.
The interviews were conducted from March 2007 to March 2008 using a semistructured with
open and closed questions concerning the use of plants to treat tropical diseases. The
informants were chosen for sampling non probabilistic intentional informants who know and
use medicinal plants, through the method of "snowball". For data analysis was applied to
calculate the percentage of agreement as to the principal use of a species (CPU). Anatomical
analysis, histochemical and phytochemical methods were done following usual. We
interviewed 150 residents in the communities. Malaria was the only disease, tropical diseases
for which respondents know for its treatment plants. Of the 17 species cited two stand out
with higher CPU. These species were collected and identified as Senna occidentalis
(manjerioba) and Senna reticulata (mata-pasto). S. occidentalis is used for malaria
prophylaxis, given to "keep the liver" for the use of tea prepared by infusion of the leaves and
roots, once a day, throughout the year. S. reticulata is employed by the tea infusion, root,
flower, bud, or leaf, which can be taken eight times a day for 3 days. The indication for using
these plants is to users, effective in recovering from malaria and should be concomitant to
hospital medical care. High CPU S. occidentalis refers to the importance of its use only for
treatment of malaria, unlike other species that have different instructions for use. CPU S.
reticulata was discharged for being the most suitable species for the riparian countries. The
anatomical analysis revealed that the leaves of S. occidentalis and S. reticulata are similar in
anatomical structure, differing in the presence of glandular trichomes in S. occidentalis,
papillae on the epidermis of S. reticulata, histochemistry and composition. The roots of the
two species examined are also similar, highlighting the presence of fibers gelatinous and
crystals prismatcs and druse. The phytochemical screening revealed coumarins, flavanones,
catechins, free steroids, saponins and quaternary compounds. The riverine know and use
plants for treatment and prophylaxis of malaria, and S. occidentalis and S. reticulata have
several metabolites that may be related to the same therapeutic activity. |