Viabilidade do ecoturismo científico com onça-pintada na reserva Mamirauá, Amazônia
The jaguar is considered endangered throughout most of its range and efforts for the conservation of the species are not very effective to protect it. Ecotourism, defined as an activity that promotes improvement of quality of life and the creation of environmental awareness of the populations involv...
| Autor principal: | Nassar, Pedro Meloni |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12888 http://lattes.cnpq.br/5720650566817677 |
| Resumo: |
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The jaguar is considered endangered throughout most of its range and efforts for
the conservation of the species are not very effective to protect it. Ecotourism, defined
as an activity that promotes improvement of quality of life and the creation of
environmental awareness of the populations involved, may be an important strategy for
the conservation of some species, including the jaguar (Panthera onca). The key points
of ecotourism are minimal impacts to the environment and to the local culture, while
generating income for local communities. In this study was assessed whether
ecotourism practiced in Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) Mamirauá had any
effect on the perception of local people towards conservation of the jaguar and the
creation of a package of scientific ecotourism with the jaguar. It was also analyzed the
viability of scientific ecotourism with jaguar as a strategy for conservation of the
species. Were interviewed 144 residents of 12 communities, six which participate of the
SDR Mamirauá Ecotourism Program and six which do not participate. There was no
clear difference between the two groups of communities towards conservation of the
jaguar and both groups supported the establishment of the scientific ecotourism package
with jaguar. The economic viability was performed using a spreadsheet cash flow,
accounting for all fixed and variable costs, investments, depreciation and revenues.
Were analyzed 18 scenarios of daily values and different number of tourists. The Net
Present Value (NPV) of each scenario was calculated. The NPV indicates the feasibility
of each scenario. The market feasibility was done through questionnaires sent via the
Internet, for two groups called technical-scientific (academic researchers, working in the
area of conservation and ecology, managers of national protected areas , veterinarians
who work with wild animals and NGOs) and group of ecotourism (ecotourists, nature
photographers, tourism researchers, tour guides and tour operators). Both groups were
in favor of the proposal. The features that the scientific ecotourism package should
provide were quality information, supporting environmental education and research, and
financial returns to local communities. The most preferred activities were tracking
telemetry and search for evidence of the jaguar. The impacts of the scientific ecotourism
considered most relevant were the possibility to the jaguar get used to human presence
and make the animal abandon its territory. The daily values of between R$ 350.00 and
R$ 500.00 were those considered most fair. The NPV analysis indicated that eight
scenarios were feasible. The results of this study indicate that there is an acceptance of
the proposal by the market and the local communities and the SDR Mamirauá. There
are positives scenarios, indicating minimum values of visitors per year and the
minimum daily values to be charged. Thus, the scientific ecotourism with jaguar is
capable of maintaining the initial 10 years, generating economic benefits for local
communities and the jaguar research. |