Unidades de Conservação e Comunidades remanescentes de quilombo no Alto Trombetas: a busca de sSoluções para conflitos territoriais
The Trombetas river valley, west side from Pará, Brazil, is occupied secularly by quilombos population. Back in 1979 and 1989 were created in this region, respectively, the Trombetas River Biological Reserve (TRBR) and the Saracá-Taquera National Forest (STNF), stablishing conflicting rules with the...
| Autor principal: | Fonseca, Aroldo Correa da |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12896 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2161230409004864 |
| Resumo: |
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The Trombetas river valley, west side from Pará, Brazil, is occupied secularly by
quilombos population. Back in 1979 and 1989 were created in this region, respectively, the
Trombetas River Biological Reserve (TRBR) and the Saracá-Taquera National Forest (STNF),
stablishing conflicting rules with the local reality. The enactment of article 68º from the
Transitory Constitutional Disposition Act (TCDA) in 1988 secured the property rights from the
lands occupied by quilombolas communities, starting in the nineties a dispute by the domain of
the space. By the Conflicts Resolution approach this study has as an objective to comprehend
the conflicts generated by the Conservation Units management and to propose alternatives to its
solution. Using documental research and direct observation techniques, it was possible to
investigate the interests and positions of the conflict parts. By the collected data it was detected
four shared interests, three specific interest from the management institution and eleven
community interests. This result was discussed on the basis of scenarios for resolution of
conflicts, which are: i) Ressetlement; ii) Reduction in the TRBR boundaries and Quilombola
Territory (QT) titulation; iii) Reduction in the TRBR boundaries and the creation of a
Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR); iv) Commitment Term (CT); v) Reduction in the
STNF boundaries and Quilombola Territory (QT) titulation; vi) Recategorisation of the STNF
to SDR. The resettlement collides with the Quilombola´s rights, it has a high financial costs and
can not bring the expected result. The second scenario collides with sharing interests and
hinders the RBRT as conservation units (UC). The third alternative permits dual stiltedness and
seems suitable to occupied areas with housing. The CT was presented as a good alternative to
areas without housing, to the satisfaction of specified conflict interests, witch solutions may be
obtained in a long term period. The fifth alternative is necessary to enable possible drawbacks
of quilombola´s interests in the TRBR. In the end, the STNF recategorisation presented some
difficulties due the community interests. In conclusion the study showed that the resolution of these conflicts without harming the essential core of the rights entails setbacks position,
defining priority areas based on conservation targets, bargains and implementation of new
institutional arrangements that encourage cooperation through shared interests. |