Artigo

Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana

Application of a mycosociological method (adaptation of the Lange method) in Central Amazonia produced the following resultsIn the white-sand podzol campinarana type of forests the dominant trees are obligatorily ectotrophically mycorrhizal; litter is accumulated as raw humus as a consequence of ect...

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Autor principal: Singer, Rolf
Outros Autores: Araujo, Izonete de Jesus da Silva
Grau: Artigo
Idioma: English
Publicado em: Acta Amazonica 2020
Acesso em linha: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/13667
id oai:repositorio:1-13667
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spelling oai:repositorio:1-13667 Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana Singer, Rolf Araujo, Izonete de Jesus da Silva Application of a mycosociological method (adaptation of the Lange method) in Central Amazonia produced the following resultsIn the white-sand podzol campinarana type of forests the dominant trees are obligatorily ectotrophically mycorrhizal; litter is accumulated as raw humus as a consequence of ectotroph dominance; fewer leaf inhabiting litter fungi occur in the dry as well as the wet seasons than are counted in the latosol terra-firme rain forest, and the fungi of that category are most strongly represented F-dominance") by other species here than in the terra-firme stands tested. The ectomycorrhizal trees and fungi are enumerated. On the other hand, in the terra-firme forest, ectotrophically mycorrhizal fungi did not occur in the test plots. The trees are almost all non-ectomycorrhizal in primary terra-firme forest; here, litter does not appreciably accumulate as a deep raw humus layer because the considerably higher number of leaf inhabiting litter fungi (ratios of 4:1 to 4.2:1 in favor cf terra-firme) and greater diversification (a larger number of species) is potentially capable of reducing more than the yearly leaf-fall. In this study, a group of fungi was mainly considered which is not represented in laboratory litter decomposition experiments. However, a comparison with unpublished and published data shows that our results satisfactorily match the experimental and phyto-sociological data obtained both with other classes of microorganisms and with observations in other regions. The quantity of litter decomposing fungi in the foliicolous group depends mainly on the amount of precipitation during the last few days before counting. This does not hold for all lignicolous fungi. The reasons for this as well as the mechanisms by which the ectomycorrhizas may reduce litter decomposition rates and influence the nutrient cycling patterns are discussed. The most important genera of Basidiomycetes involved in litter decomposition in the Lower Rio Negro forest associations are enumerated. Possible economic significance of introducing ectotrophs in the terra-firme forest is indicated. A aplicação de um método micossociológico (adaptação do método de Lange) na Amazônia Central produziu os seguintes resultados: Na campinarana, tipo de floresta sobre podzol de areia branca, as árvores dominantes são, obrigatoriamente, ectotroficamente micorrizais; a liteira é acumulada como humus em consequência da dominancia de ectótrofos; tanto na estação seca bem como na úmida, o número de folhas habitadas por fungos da liteira é menor do que o número encontrado na floresta úmida de terra firme sobre latossol e os fungos dessa categoria são aqui, mais fortemente representados F-dominància") por outras espécies do que nas áreas testados de terra firme. As árvores ectomicorrizais e fungos são enumerados. Por outro lado, na floresta de terra firme, não ocorreram fungos ectotroficamente micorrizais nas áreas testadas. Na floresta primária de terra firme, quase todas as árvores não são ectomicorrizais; a liteira não é apreciavelmente acumulada como uma camada profunda de humus porque o considerável número de fungos habitantes das folhas da liteira (relação de 4:1 a 4.2:1 em favor da terra firme) e a grande diversidade (um grande número de espécies) permitem que a decomposição seja, potencialmente, maior do que a quantidade de folhas que cai anualmente. Neste estudo, um grupo de fungos que não é representado em experimentos de decomposição da liteira em laboratório, foi principalmente enfocado. Contudo, uma comparação com dados publicados e não publicados mostra que os nossos resultados igualaram satisfatoriamente os dados obtidos com outras classes de microrganismos e observações em outras regiões. No grupo folícola, a quantidade de fungos decomposilores da liteira depende, principalmente, da precipitação durante os dias anteriores à contagem. Isto não é válido para todos os fungos lignícolas. As razões para isso, bem como o mecanismo pelo qual os fungos ectomicorrizais podem reduzir a taxa de decomposição da liteira e influenciar os padrões dos ciclos de nutrientes, são discutidos. Os mais importantes gêneros de Basidiomycetes envolvidos na decomposição da liteira nas associações florestais do baixo rio Negro são enumerados. A possível significação económica de introdução de ectótrofos na floresta de terra firme é indicada. 2020-04-24T15:36:57Z 2020-04-24T15:36:57Z 1979 Artigo https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/13667 10.1590/1809-43921979091025 en Volume 9, Número 1, Pags. 25-42 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Acta Amazonica
institution Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional
collection INPA-RI
language English
description Application of a mycosociological method (adaptation of the Lange method) in Central Amazonia produced the following resultsIn the white-sand podzol campinarana type of forests the dominant trees are obligatorily ectotrophically mycorrhizal; litter is accumulated as raw humus as a consequence of ectotroph dominance; fewer leaf inhabiting litter fungi occur in the dry as well as the wet seasons than are counted in the latosol terra-firme rain forest, and the fungi of that category are most strongly represented F-dominance") by other species here than in the terra-firme stands tested. The ectomycorrhizal trees and fungi are enumerated. On the other hand, in the terra-firme forest, ectotrophically mycorrhizal fungi did not occur in the test plots. The trees are almost all non-ectomycorrhizal in primary terra-firme forest; here, litter does not appreciably accumulate as a deep raw humus layer because the considerably higher number of leaf inhabiting litter fungi (ratios of 4:1 to 4.2:1 in favor cf terra-firme) and greater diversification (a larger number of species) is potentially capable of reducing more than the yearly leaf-fall. In this study, a group of fungi was mainly considered which is not represented in laboratory litter decomposition experiments. However, a comparison with unpublished and published data shows that our results satisfactorily match the experimental and phyto-sociological data obtained both with other classes of microorganisms and with observations in other regions. The quantity of litter decomposing fungi in the foliicolous group depends mainly on the amount of precipitation during the last few days before counting. This does not hold for all lignicolous fungi. The reasons for this as well as the mechanisms by which the ectomycorrhizas may reduce litter decomposition rates and influence the nutrient cycling patterns are discussed. The most important genera of Basidiomycetes involved in litter decomposition in the Lower Rio Negro forest associations are enumerated. Possible economic significance of introducing ectotrophs in the terra-firme forest is indicated.
format Artigo
author Singer, Rolf
spellingShingle Singer, Rolf
Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
author2 Araujo, Izonete de Jesus da Silva
author2Str Araujo, Izonete de Jesus da Silva
title Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
title_short Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
title_full Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
title_fullStr Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
title_full_unstemmed Litter decomposition and Ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. 1. A comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
title_sort litter decomposition and ectomycorrhiza in amazonian forests. 1. a comparison of litter decomposing and ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes in latosol-terra-firme rain forest and white podzol campinarana
publisher Acta Amazonica
publishDate 2020
url https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/13667
_version_ 1787145406937825280
score 11.755432

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