Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia
On the Amazon floodplain, the main predators of black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) eggs are jaguars (Panthera onca), tegu lizards (Tupinambis teguixim), capuchin monkeys (Sapajus macrocephalus) and humans (Homo sapiens). In this study, we investigated the relationship between predator attacks on nest...
| Autor principal: | Torralvo, Kelly |
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| Outros Autores: | Botero-Arias, Robinson, Magnusson, William Ernest |
| Grau: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
| Publicado em: |
PLoS ONE
2020
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https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/14670 |
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oai:repositorio:1-14670 |
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oai:repositorio:1-14670 Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia Torralvo, Kelly Botero-Arias, Robinson Magnusson, William Ernest Adult Controlled Study Female Human Incubation Time Nest Predation Probability Sustainable Development Animals Brasil Crocodilian Ecosystem Egg Environmental Protection Geography Nesting Physiology Population Density Predation Procedures Risk Factor Season Statistics And Numerical Data Alligators And Crocodiles Animalss Brasil Conservation Of Natural Resources Ecosystem Eggs Female Geography Humans Nesting Behavior Population Density Predatory Behavior Risk Factors Seasons On the Amazon floodplain, the main predators of black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) eggs are jaguars (Panthera onca), tegu lizards (Tupinambis teguixim), capuchin monkeys (Sapajus macrocephalus) and humans (Homo sapiens). In this study, we investigated the relationship between predator attacks on nests and incubation period, and evaluated the influence of initial predation on subsequent predation in the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve. We also evaluated the influence of presence of females near the nests and manipulation of nests on the occurrence of attacks. We compared results from data obtained with camera traps and vestiges left by predators on estimates of rates of predation by different predators. Egg predation was recorded in 32% of the 658 black caiman nests monitored during two years. Our results suggest that the probability of predation on black caiman eggs is relatively constant throughout the incubation period and that predation on eggs was lower when adults, presumably females, were present. Careful opening of nests and handling of eggs did not increase the number of attacks on black caiman nests. Nest opening by a predator appeared to increase the chances of a subsequent attack because most of the attacks on nests occurred soon after a predator first opened the nest. However, attacks by another species of predator do not appear to be necessary to initiate attacks by any other species of predator. Results based on camera traps and vestiges differed, but use of vestiges was adequate for identifying the principal predators on eggs in black caiman nests and, in many circumstances, the vestiges may be better for estimating predation by humans. In this study, opening nests and handling eggs did not increase the number of attacks on black caiman nests. © 2017 Torralvo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2020-04-24T17:00:06Z 2020-04-24T17:00:06Z 2017 Artigo https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/14670 10.1371/journal.pone.0183476 en Volume 12, Número 8 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf PLoS ONE |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
English |
| topic |
Adult Controlled Study Female Human Incubation Time Nest Predation Probability Sustainable Development Animals Brasil Crocodilian Ecosystem Egg Environmental Protection Geography Nesting Physiology Population Density Predation Procedures Risk Factor Season Statistics And Numerical Data Alligators And Crocodiles Animalss Brasil Conservation Of Natural Resources Ecosystem Eggs Female Geography Humans Nesting Behavior Population Density Predatory Behavior Risk Factors Seasons |
| spellingShingle |
Adult Controlled Study Female Human Incubation Time Nest Predation Probability Sustainable Development Animals Brasil Crocodilian Ecosystem Egg Environmental Protection Geography Nesting Physiology Population Density Predation Procedures Risk Factor Season Statistics And Numerical Data Alligators And Crocodiles Animalss Brasil Conservation Of Natural Resources Ecosystem Eggs Female Geography Humans Nesting Behavior Population Density Predatory Behavior Risk Factors Seasons Torralvo, Kelly Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| topic_facet |
Adult Controlled Study Female Human Incubation Time Nest Predation Probability Sustainable Development Animals Brasil Crocodilian Ecosystem Egg Environmental Protection Geography Nesting Physiology Population Density Predation Procedures Risk Factor Season Statistics And Numerical Data Alligators And Crocodiles Animalss Brasil Conservation Of Natural Resources Ecosystem Eggs Female Geography Humans Nesting Behavior Population Density Predatory Behavior Risk Factors Seasons |
| description |
On the Amazon floodplain, the main predators of black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) eggs are jaguars (Panthera onca), tegu lizards (Tupinambis teguixim), capuchin monkeys (Sapajus macrocephalus) and humans (Homo sapiens). In this study, we investigated the relationship between predator attacks on nests and incubation period, and evaluated the influence of initial predation on subsequent predation in the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve. We also evaluated the influence of presence of females near the nests and manipulation of nests on the occurrence of attacks. We compared results from data obtained with camera traps and vestiges left by predators on estimates of rates of predation by different predators. Egg predation was recorded in 32% of the 658 black caiman nests monitored during two years. Our results suggest that the probability of predation on black caiman eggs is relatively constant throughout the incubation period and that predation on eggs was lower when adults, presumably females, were present. Careful opening of nests and handling of eggs did not increase the number of attacks on black caiman nests. Nest opening by a predator appeared to increase the chances of a subsequent attack because most of the attacks on nests occurred soon after a predator first opened the nest. However, attacks by another species of predator do not appear to be necessary to initiate attacks by any other species of predator. Results based on camera traps and vestiges differed, but use of vestiges was adequate for identifying the principal predators on eggs in black caiman nests and, in many circumstances, the vestiges may be better for estimating predation by humans. In this study, opening nests and handling eggs did not increase the number of attacks on black caiman nests. © 2017 Torralvo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| format |
Artigo |
| author |
Torralvo, Kelly |
| author2 |
Botero-Arias, Robinson Magnusson, William Ernest |
| author2Str |
Botero-Arias, Robinson Magnusson, William Ernest |
| title |
Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| title_short |
Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| title_full |
Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| title_fullStr |
Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central Brazilian amazonia |
| title_sort |
temporal variation in black-caiman-nest predation in varzea of central brazilian amazonia |
| publisher |
PLoS ONE |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/14670 |
| _version_ |
1787144691606618112 |
| score |
11.675088 |