Identification guide for nests of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) in Reserva Ducke, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Nests of social wasps are composed mainly out of plant material. Although there are some studies about the social wasp fauna in the Amazon region, there is no work exclusively about these wasps' nests. Also, there are few catalogued nests in biological collections, because of their fragility and difficult conservation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinds of nests found at "Reserva Ducke", compiling information about them and developing a key to identify the nests of each genera. The nests were actively collected in tracks of the "Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade" plot; areas such as "igarapés" margins, base camp's surroundings and buildings at the reserve headquarters were also explored. All the nests were photographed and their precise location was obtained by GPS. Thirty-nine wasp's nests from 17 species of Polistinae were recorded: Agelaia constructor, A. pallipes, Angiopolybia pallens, Apoica pallens, Metapolybia unilineata, Mischocyttarus lecointei, M. saturatus, Polybia bistriata, P. dimidiata, P. jurinei, P. liliacea, P. occidentalis, P. procellosa, P. rejecta, Protopolybia bituberculata, P. chartergoides and Synoeca virginea. Five uninhabited nests of Mischocyttarus, Polybia and Polistes were collected.
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