Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests
Amazon forests account for ~25% of global land biomass and tropical tree species. In these forests, windthrows (i.e., snapped and uprooted trees) are a major natural disturbance, but the rates and mechanisms of recovery are not known. To provide a predictive framework for understanding the effects o...
| Autor principal: | Marra, Daniel Magnabosco |
|---|---|
| Outros Autores: | Trumbore, Susan Elizabeth, Higuchi, Niro, Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique Pires de Mello, Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I., Holzwarth, Frédéric M., Rifai, Sami Walid, Santos, Joaquim dos, Lima, Adriano José Nogueira, Kinupp, Valdely Ferreira, Chambers, Jeffrey Quintin, Wirth, Christian B. |
| Grau: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
| Publicado em: |
Global Change Biology
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/15324 |
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oai:repositorio:1-15324 |
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oai:repositorio:1-15324 Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests Marra, Daniel Magnabosco Trumbore, Susan Elizabeth Higuchi, Niro Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique Pires de Mello Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I. Holzwarth, Frédéric M. Rifai, Sami Walid Santos, Joaquim dos Lima, Adriano José Nogueira Kinupp, Valdely Ferreira Chambers, Jeffrey Quintin Wirth, Christian B. Biodiversity Biogeochemical Cycle Biomass Forest Ecosystem Functional Group Landsat Morality Tropical Forest Amazonia Cecropia Inga Miconia Pourouma Tachigali Tapirira Carbon Biomass Brasil Forest Tree Tropic Climate Wind Biomass Brasil Carbon Forests Trees Tropical Climate Wind Amazon forests account for ~25% of global land biomass and tropical tree species. In these forests, windthrows (i.e., snapped and uprooted trees) are a major natural disturbance, but the rates and mechanisms of recovery are not known. To provide a predictive framework for understanding the effects of windthrows on forest structure and functional composition (DBH ≥10 cm), we quantified biomass recovery as a function of windthrow severity (i.e., fraction of windthrow tree mortality on Landsat pixels, ranging from 0%–70%) and time since disturbance for terra-firme forests in the Central Amazon. Forest monitoring allowed insights into the processes and mechanisms driving the net biomass change (i.e., increment minus loss) and shifts in functional composition. Windthrown areas recovering for between 4–27 years had biomass stocks as low as 65.2–91.7 Mg/ha or 23%–38% of those in nearby undisturbed forests (~255.6 Mg/ha, all sites). Even low windthrow severities (4%–20% tree mortality) caused decadal changes in biomass stocks and structure. While rates of biomass increment in recovering vegetation were nearly double (6.3 ± 1.4 Mg ha− 1 year− 1) those of undisturbed forests (~3.7 Mg ha− 1 year− 1), biomass loss due to post-windthrow mortality was high (up to −7.5 ± 8.7 Mg ha− 1 year− 1, 8.5 years since disturbance) and unpredictable. Consequently, recovery to 90% of “pre-disturbance” biomass takes up to 40 years. Resprouting trees contributed little to biomass recovery. Instead, light-demanding, low-density genera (e.g., Cecropia, Inga, Miconia, Pourouma, Tachigali, and Tapirira) were favored, resulting in substantial post-windthrow species turnover. Shifts in functional composition demonstrate that windthrows affect the resilience of live tree biomass by favoring soft-wooded species with shorter life spans that are more vulnerable to future disturbances. As the time required for forests to recover biomass is likely similar to the recurrence interval of windthrows triggering succession, windthrows have the potential to control landscape biomass/carbon dynamics and functional composition in Amazon forests. ©2018 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2020-05-07T23:19:15Z 2020-05-07T23:19:15Z 2018 Artigo https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/15324 10.1111/gcb.14457 en Volume 24, Número 12, Pags. 5867-5881 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Global Change Biology |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
English |
| topic |
Biodiversity Biogeochemical Cycle Biomass Forest Ecosystem Functional Group Landsat Morality Tropical Forest Amazonia Cecropia Inga Miconia Pourouma Tachigali Tapirira Carbon Biomass Brasil Forest Tree Tropic Climate Wind Biomass Brasil Carbon Forests Trees Tropical Climate Wind |
| spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Biogeochemical Cycle Biomass Forest Ecosystem Functional Group Landsat Morality Tropical Forest Amazonia Cecropia Inga Miconia Pourouma Tachigali Tapirira Carbon Biomass Brasil Forest Tree Tropic Climate Wind Biomass Brasil Carbon Forests Trees Tropical Climate Wind Marra, Daniel Magnabosco Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| topic_facet |
Biodiversity Biogeochemical Cycle Biomass Forest Ecosystem Functional Group Landsat Morality Tropical Forest Amazonia Cecropia Inga Miconia Pourouma Tachigali Tapirira Carbon Biomass Brasil Forest Tree Tropic Climate Wind Biomass Brasil Carbon Forests Trees Tropical Climate Wind |
| description |
Amazon forests account for ~25% of global land biomass and tropical tree species. In these forests, windthrows (i.e., snapped and uprooted trees) are a major natural disturbance, but the rates and mechanisms of recovery are not known. To provide a predictive framework for understanding the effects of windthrows on forest structure and functional composition (DBH ≥10 cm), we quantified biomass recovery as a function of windthrow severity (i.e., fraction of windthrow tree mortality on Landsat pixels, ranging from 0%–70%) and time since disturbance for terra-firme forests in the Central Amazon. Forest monitoring allowed insights into the processes and mechanisms driving the net biomass change (i.e., increment minus loss) and shifts in functional composition. Windthrown areas recovering for between 4–27 years had biomass stocks as low as 65.2–91.7 Mg/ha or 23%–38% of those in nearby undisturbed forests (~255.6 Mg/ha, all sites). Even low windthrow severities (4%–20% tree mortality) caused decadal changes in biomass stocks and structure. While rates of biomass increment in recovering vegetation were nearly double (6.3 ± 1.4 Mg ha− 1 year− 1) those of undisturbed forests (~3.7 Mg ha− 1 year− 1), biomass loss due to post-windthrow mortality was high (up to −7.5 ± 8.7 Mg ha− 1 year− 1, 8.5 years since disturbance) and unpredictable. Consequently, recovery to 90% of “pre-disturbance” biomass takes up to 40 years. Resprouting trees contributed little to biomass recovery. Instead, light-demanding, low-density genera (e.g., Cecropia, Inga, Miconia, Pourouma, Tachigali, and Tapirira) were favored, resulting in substantial post-windthrow species turnover. Shifts in functional composition demonstrate that windthrows affect the resilience of live tree biomass by favoring soft-wooded species with shorter life spans that are more vulnerable to future disturbances. As the time required for forests to recover biomass is likely similar to the recurrence interval of windthrows triggering succession, windthrows have the potential to control landscape biomass/carbon dynamics and functional composition in Amazon forests. ©2018 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
| format |
Artigo |
| author |
Marra, Daniel Magnabosco |
| author2 |
Trumbore, Susan Elizabeth Higuchi, Niro Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique Pires de Mello Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I. Holzwarth, Frédéric M. Rifai, Sami Walid Santos, Joaquim dos Lima, Adriano José Nogueira Kinupp, Valdely Ferreira Chambers, Jeffrey Quintin Wirth, Christian B. |
| author2Str |
Trumbore, Susan Elizabeth Higuchi, Niro Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique Pires de Mello Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I. Holzwarth, Frédéric M. Rifai, Sami Walid Santos, Joaquim dos Lima, Adriano José Nogueira Kinupp, Valdely Ferreira Chambers, Jeffrey Quintin Wirth, Christian B. |
| title |
Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| title_short |
Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| title_full |
Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| title_fullStr |
Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of Amazon forests |
| title_sort |
windthrows control biomass patterns and functional composition of amazon forests |
| publisher |
Global Change Biology |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/15324 |
| _version_ |
1787144883730907136 |
| score |
11.755432 |