Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers
Sewage pollution is a principal factor of decreasing water quality, although it has not been considered a real impact in Amazonia that is still considered a pristine environment around the world. Thus, this study aimed to assess the levels of sewage contamination in sediments from three streams cros...
| Autor principal: | Melo, Moacir Guimarães de |
|---|---|
| Outros Autores: | Silva, Brina Aguiar da, Costa, Gilcllys de Souza, Silva Neto, João Cândido André da, Soares, Patrícia Kaori, Val, Adalberto Luis, Chaar, Jamal da Silva, Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira, Bataglion, Giovana Anceski |
| Grau: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
| Publicado em: |
Environmental Pollution
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16793 |
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oai:repositorio:1-16793 |
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oai:repositorio:1-16793 Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers Melo, Moacir Guimarães de Silva, Brina Aguiar da Costa, Gilcllys de Souza Silva Neto, João Cândido André da Soares, Patrícia Kaori Val, Adalberto Luis Chaar, Jamal da Silva Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira Bataglion, Giovana Anceski Brassicasterol Campesterol Cholestanol Cholesterol Coprosterol Epicoprosterol Ergosterol Sitostanol Sitosterol Sterol Stigmasterol Unclassified Drug 7 Dehydrocholesterol Biological Marker Cholestanol Cholesterol Epicoprostanol Gamma-sitosterol Phytosterol Sitosterol Derivative Sterol Brasil Concentration (parameters) Effluent Environmental Monitoring Environmental Parameters Geographic Distribution Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Rainforest Sediment Sewage Stream (river) Water Analysis Water Contamination Water Quality Analogs And Derivatives Analysis Brasil Chemistry Drug Contamination Feces Chromatography, Liquid Procedures River Sewage Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutant Water Pollution Water Quality Biomarkers Brasil Cholestadienols Cholestanol Cholestanols Cholesterol Chromatography, Liquid Drug Contamination Environmental Monitoring Feces Geologic Sediments Phytosterols Rivers Sewage Sitosterols Sterols Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutants Water Pollution Water Quality Sewage pollution is a principal factor of decreasing water quality, although it has not been considered a real impact in Amazonia that is still considered a pristine environment around the world. Thus, this study aimed to assess the levels of sewage contamination in sediments from three streams crossing Manaus − a Brazilian city of 2,403,796 inhabitants in the heart of the Amazon rain forest. Cholesterol, cholestanol, brassicasterol, ergosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmastanol, coprostanol, and epicoprostanol levels were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MS/MS). The fecal indicator, coprostanol, was found in high concentrations (509−12 830 ng g−1) and high relative proportions (21–54%) in all samples collected in the Mindu stream that crosses many heavily populated districts of the city, and in the Quarenta stream that crosses the Industrial District of Manaus. The sediments of the Tarumã-Açu stream also presented coprostanol; however, concentrations (<LOQ−142 ng g−1) and relative proportions (0–7%) were much lower in this stream. Sterol ratios indicate a severe contamination of the urban streams (Mindu and Quarenta) and a low to moderate contamination of the partially urban stream (Tarumã-Açu). This is the first study evaluating the levels of sewage contamination of Amazon streams using sterol biomarkers and the results obtained herein indicate the need of an immediate implementation of effective sewage treatment strategies. Additionally, these findings may be considered as baseline concentrations for future monitoring programs of that globally important environment. Although Amazonia is believed to be a pristine environment around the world, accentuated pollution by domestic sewage was detected in its urban streams. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd 2020-06-15T21:36:21Z 2020-06-15T21:36:21Z 2019 Artigo https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16793 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.055 en Volume 244, Pags. 818-826 Restrito Environmental Pollution |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
English |
| topic |
Brassicasterol Campesterol Cholestanol Cholesterol Coprosterol Epicoprosterol Ergosterol Sitostanol Sitosterol Sterol Stigmasterol Unclassified Drug 7 Dehydrocholesterol Biological Marker Cholestanol Cholesterol Epicoprostanol Gamma-sitosterol Phytosterol Sitosterol Derivative Sterol Brasil Concentration (parameters) Effluent Environmental Monitoring Environmental Parameters Geographic Distribution Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Rainforest Sediment Sewage Stream (river) Water Analysis Water Contamination Water Quality Analogs And Derivatives Analysis Brasil Chemistry Drug Contamination Feces Chromatography, Liquid Procedures River Sewage Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutant Water Pollution Water Quality Biomarkers Brasil Cholestadienols Cholestanol Cholestanols Cholesterol Chromatography, Liquid Drug Contamination Environmental Monitoring Feces Geologic Sediments Phytosterols Rivers Sewage Sitosterols Sterols Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutants Water Pollution Water Quality |
| spellingShingle |
Brassicasterol Campesterol Cholestanol Cholesterol Coprosterol Epicoprosterol Ergosterol Sitostanol Sitosterol Sterol Stigmasterol Unclassified Drug 7 Dehydrocholesterol Biological Marker Cholestanol Cholesterol Epicoprostanol Gamma-sitosterol Phytosterol Sitosterol Derivative Sterol Brasil Concentration (parameters) Effluent Environmental Monitoring Environmental Parameters Geographic Distribution Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Rainforest Sediment Sewage Stream (river) Water Analysis Water Contamination Water Quality Analogs And Derivatives Analysis Brasil Chemistry Drug Contamination Feces Chromatography, Liquid Procedures River Sewage Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutant Water Pollution Water Quality Biomarkers Brasil Cholestadienols Cholestanol Cholestanols Cholesterol Chromatography, Liquid Drug Contamination Environmental Monitoring Feces Geologic Sediments Phytosterols Rivers Sewage Sitosterols Sterols Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutants Water Pollution Water Quality Melo, Moacir Guimarães de Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| topic_facet |
Brassicasterol Campesterol Cholestanol Cholesterol Coprosterol Epicoprosterol Ergosterol Sitostanol Sitosterol Sterol Stigmasterol Unclassified Drug 7 Dehydrocholesterol Biological Marker Cholestanol Cholesterol Epicoprostanol Gamma-sitosterol Phytosterol Sitosterol Derivative Sterol Brasil Concentration (parameters) Effluent Environmental Monitoring Environmental Parameters Geographic Distribution Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Rainforest Sediment Sewage Stream (river) Water Analysis Water Contamination Water Quality Analogs And Derivatives Analysis Brasil Chemistry Drug Contamination Feces Chromatography, Liquid Procedures River Sewage Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutant Water Pollution Water Quality Biomarkers Brasil Cholestadienols Cholestanol Cholestanols Cholesterol Chromatography, Liquid Drug Contamination Environmental Monitoring Feces Geologic Sediments Phytosterols Rivers Sewage Sitosterols Sterols Tandem Mass Spectrometry Water Pollutants Water Pollution Water Quality |
| description |
Sewage pollution is a principal factor of decreasing water quality, although it has not been considered a real impact in Amazonia that is still considered a pristine environment around the world. Thus, this study aimed to assess the levels of sewage contamination in sediments from three streams crossing Manaus − a Brazilian city of 2,403,796 inhabitants in the heart of the Amazon rain forest. Cholesterol, cholestanol, brassicasterol, ergosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmastanol, coprostanol, and epicoprostanol levels were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MS/MS). The fecal indicator, coprostanol, was found in high concentrations (509−12 830 ng g−1) and high relative proportions (21–54%) in all samples collected in the Mindu stream that crosses many heavily populated districts of the city, and in the Quarenta stream that crosses the Industrial District of Manaus. The sediments of the Tarumã-Açu stream also presented coprostanol; however, concentrations (<LOQ−142 ng g−1) and relative proportions (0–7%) were much lower in this stream. Sterol ratios indicate a severe contamination of the urban streams (Mindu and Quarenta) and a low to moderate contamination of the partially urban stream (Tarumã-Açu). This is the first study evaluating the levels of sewage contamination of Amazon streams using sterol biomarkers and the results obtained herein indicate the need of an immediate implementation of effective sewage treatment strategies. Additionally, these findings may be considered as baseline concentrations for future monitoring programs of that globally important environment. Although Amazonia is believed to be a pristine environment around the world, accentuated pollution by domestic sewage was detected in its urban streams. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd |
| format |
Artigo |
| author |
Melo, Moacir Guimarães de |
| author2 |
Silva, Brina Aguiar da Costa, Gilcllys de Souza Silva Neto, João Cândido André da Soares, Patrícia Kaori Val, Adalberto Luis Chaar, Jamal da Silva Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira Bataglion, Giovana Anceski |
| author2Str |
Silva, Brina Aguiar da Costa, Gilcllys de Souza Silva Neto, João Cândido André da Soares, Patrícia Kaori Val, Adalberto Luis Chaar, Jamal da Silva Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira Bataglion, Giovana Anceski |
| title |
Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| title_short |
Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| title_full |
Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| title_fullStr |
Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Sewage contamination of Amazon streams crossing Manaus (Brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| title_sort |
sewage contamination of amazon streams crossing manaus (brazil) by sterol biomarkers |
| publisher |
Environmental Pollution |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16793 |
| _version_ |
1787143926198566912 |
| score |
11.755432 |