The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination
Historic mining in the Eastern Alps has left us with a legacy of numerous spoil heaps hosting specific, metal tolerant vegetation. Such habitats are characterized by elevated concentrations of toxic elements but also by high irradiation, a poorly developed substrate or extreme pH of the soil. This s...
| Autor principal: | Adlassnig, Wolfram |
|---|---|
| Outros Autores: | Weiss, Yasmin S., Sassmann, Stefan, Steinhauser, Georg, Hofhansl, Florian, Baumann, Nils, Lichtscheidl, Irene, Lang, Ingeborg |
| Grau: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
| Publicado em: |
Science of the Total Environment
2020
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/17276 |
| id |
oai:repositorio:1-17276 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:repositorio:1-17276 The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination Adlassnig, Wolfram Weiss, Yasmin S. Sassmann, Stefan Steinhauser, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Baumann, Nils Lichtscheidl, Irene Lang, Ingeborg Copper Ecosystems Forestry Grain Size And Shape Irradiation Metals Ores Soils Ecological Traits Elevated Concentrations Grain Size Distribution Metal Concentrations Metal Tolerance Metallophytes Ore Minerals Vegetation Pattern Vegetation Copper Copper Copper Lichen Moss Ore Mineral Pollution Tolerance Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Air Temperature Austria Contamination Controlled Study Environmental Aspects And Related Phenomena Humidity Lichen (organism) Metal Tolerance Microclimate Moss Nonhuman Plant Growth Priority Journal Sensitivity Analysis Soil Acidity Species Distribution Species Richness Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Chemistry Drug Effects Ecosystem Forest Growth, Development And Aging Metabolism Mining Soil Soil Pollutant Alps Austria Eastern Alps Lower Austria Bryophyta Tracheophyta Austria Bryophyta Copper Ecosystem Forests Lichens Mining Soil Soil Pollutants Tracheophyta Historic mining in the Eastern Alps has left us with a legacy of numerous spoil heaps hosting specific, metal tolerant vegetation. Such habitats are characterized by elevated concentrations of toxic elements but also by high irradiation, a poorly developed substrate or extreme pH of the soil. This study investigates the distribution of vascular plants, mosses and lichens on a copper spoil heap on the ore bearing Knappenberg formed by Prebichl Layers and Werfener Schist in Lower Austria. It serves as a model for discriminating between various ecological traits and their effects on vegetation. Five distinct clusters were distinguished: (1) The bare, metal rich Central Spoil Heap was only colonised by highly resistant specialists. (2) The Northern and (3) Southern Peripheries contained less copper; the contrasting vegetation was best explained by the different microclimate. (4) A forest over acidic bedrock hosted a vegetation overlapping with the periphery of the spoil heap. (5) A forest over calcareous bedrock was similar to the spoil heap with regard to pH and humus content but hosted a vegetation differing strongly to all other habitats. Among the multiple toxic elements at the spoil heap, only Cu seems to exert a crucial influence on the vegetation pattern. Besides metal concentrations, irradiation, humidity, humus, pH and grain size distribution are important for the establishment of a metal tolerant vegetation. The difference between the species poor Northern and the diverse Southern Periphery can be explained by the microclimate rather than by the substrate. All plant species penetrating from the forest into the periphery of the spoil heap originate from the acidic but not from the calcareous bedrock. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. 2020-06-15T21:40:44Z 2020-06-15T21:40:44Z 2016 Artigo https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/17276 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.179 en Volume 563-564, Pags. 1037-1049 Restrito Science of the Total Environment |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
English |
| topic |
Copper Ecosystems Forestry Grain Size And Shape Irradiation Metals Ores Soils Ecological Traits Elevated Concentrations Grain Size Distribution Metal Concentrations Metal Tolerance Metallophytes Ore Minerals Vegetation Pattern Vegetation Copper Copper Copper Lichen Moss Ore Mineral Pollution Tolerance Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Air Temperature Austria Contamination Controlled Study Environmental Aspects And Related Phenomena Humidity Lichen (organism) Metal Tolerance Microclimate Moss Nonhuman Plant Growth Priority Journal Sensitivity Analysis Soil Acidity Species Distribution Species Richness Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Chemistry Drug Effects Ecosystem Forest Growth, Development And Aging Metabolism Mining Soil Soil Pollutant Alps Austria Eastern Alps Lower Austria Bryophyta Tracheophyta Austria Bryophyta Copper Ecosystem Forests Lichens Mining Soil Soil Pollutants Tracheophyta |
| spellingShingle |
Copper Ecosystems Forestry Grain Size And Shape Irradiation Metals Ores Soils Ecological Traits Elevated Concentrations Grain Size Distribution Metal Concentrations Metal Tolerance Metallophytes Ore Minerals Vegetation Pattern Vegetation Copper Copper Copper Lichen Moss Ore Mineral Pollution Tolerance Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Air Temperature Austria Contamination Controlled Study Environmental Aspects And Related Phenomena Humidity Lichen (organism) Metal Tolerance Microclimate Moss Nonhuman Plant Growth Priority Journal Sensitivity Analysis Soil Acidity Species Distribution Species Richness Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Chemistry Drug Effects Ecosystem Forest Growth, Development And Aging Metabolism Mining Soil Soil Pollutant Alps Austria Eastern Alps Lower Austria Bryophyta Tracheophyta Austria Bryophyta Copper Ecosystem Forests Lichens Mining Soil Soil Pollutants Tracheophyta Adlassnig, Wolfram The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| topic_facet |
Copper Ecosystems Forestry Grain Size And Shape Irradiation Metals Ores Soils Ecological Traits Elevated Concentrations Grain Size Distribution Metal Concentrations Metal Tolerance Metallophytes Ore Minerals Vegetation Pattern Vegetation Copper Copper Copper Lichen Moss Ore Mineral Pollution Tolerance Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Air Temperature Austria Contamination Controlled Study Environmental Aspects And Related Phenomena Humidity Lichen (organism) Metal Tolerance Microclimate Moss Nonhuman Plant Growth Priority Journal Sensitivity Analysis Soil Acidity Species Distribution Species Richness Spoil Heap Vascular Plant Vegetation Chemistry Drug Effects Ecosystem Forest Growth, Development And Aging Metabolism Mining Soil Soil Pollutant Alps Austria Eastern Alps Lower Austria Bryophyta Tracheophyta Austria Bryophyta Copper Ecosystem Forests Lichens Mining Soil Soil Pollutants Tracheophyta |
| description |
Historic mining in the Eastern Alps has left us with a legacy of numerous spoil heaps hosting specific, metal tolerant vegetation. Such habitats are characterized by elevated concentrations of toxic elements but also by high irradiation, a poorly developed substrate or extreme pH of the soil. This study investigates the distribution of vascular plants, mosses and lichens on a copper spoil heap on the ore bearing Knappenberg formed by Prebichl Layers and Werfener Schist in Lower Austria. It serves as a model for discriminating between various ecological traits and their effects on vegetation. Five distinct clusters were distinguished: (1) The bare, metal rich Central Spoil Heap was only colonised by highly resistant specialists. (2) The Northern and (3) Southern Peripheries contained less copper; the contrasting vegetation was best explained by the different microclimate. (4) A forest over acidic bedrock hosted a vegetation overlapping with the periphery of the spoil heap. (5) A forest over calcareous bedrock was similar to the spoil heap with regard to pH and humus content but hosted a vegetation differing strongly to all other habitats. Among the multiple toxic elements at the spoil heap, only Cu seems to exert a crucial influence on the vegetation pattern. Besides metal concentrations, irradiation, humidity, humus, pH and grain size distribution are important for the establishment of a metal tolerant vegetation. The difference between the species poor Northern and the diverse Southern Periphery can be explained by the microclimate rather than by the substrate. All plant species penetrating from the forest into the periphery of the spoil heap originate from the acidic but not from the calcareous bedrock. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. |
| format |
Artigo |
| author |
Adlassnig, Wolfram |
| author2 |
Weiss, Yasmin S. Sassmann, Stefan Steinhauser, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Baumann, Nils Lichtscheidl, Irene Lang, Ingeborg |
| author2Str |
Weiss, Yasmin S. Sassmann, Stefan Steinhauser, Georg Hofhansl, Florian Baumann, Nils Lichtscheidl, Irene Lang, Ingeborg |
| title |
The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| title_short |
The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| title_full |
The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| title_fullStr |
The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The copper spoil heap Knappenberg, Austria, as a model for metal habitats – Vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| title_sort |
copper spoil heap knappenberg, austria, as a model for metal habitats – vegetation, substrate and contamination |
| publisher |
Science of the Total Environment |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/17276 |
| _version_ |
1787141143844093952 |
| score |
11.755432 |