A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin is described from the Rio Teles Pires, Rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from all congeners, except for Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, H. cyanotaenia, H. heliacus, H. igneus, H. loweae, and H. peugeoti by having the distal border of the anal fin slightly convex to straight in adult males, without a distinct anterior lobe, and with last unbranched ray and first to second branched ray shorter than the subsequent branched rays. The new species can be distinguished from H. bifasciatus, H. cyanotaenia, H. heliacus, H. igneus, H. loweae, and H. peugeoti by the presence of octa- to decacuspid teeth on both dentary and inner premaxillary series (vs. tri- to heptacuspid dentary and premaxillary teeth) and dark chromatophores concentrated on the posterior border of the body scales, forming a reticulated pattern (vs. reticulated pattern absent). © 2013 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.
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