The Pipunculidae of the Dominican Republic are reviewed. Keys to genera, subgenera, and species of West Indies Pipunculidae are presented with notes on geographical distribution. Seventeen species in seven genera of Pipunculidae are reported from the Dominican Republic. Eight new species are described and illustrated: Cephalosphaera insularis, Cephalops pedemalensis, Eudorylas curvicaudatus, E. dominicanensis, Metadorylas antillensis, M. cornutus, M. pilosus, and M. youngi. All Neotropical species of the Cephalops latifrons (Hardy) group are transferred to the genus Microcephalops De Meyer as new combinations: M. inermus (Hardy), M. latifrons (Hardy), M. ravilateralis (Hardy), M. transversales (Rafael), and M. williamsi (Hardy). Eight species are recorded from the Dominican Republic for the first time: Basileunculus aliceae Rafael, Cephalops varius stygius (Hardy), Metadorylas cressoni Johnson, M. dominicensis Scarbrough and Knutson, Microcephalops latifrons (Hardy), M. williamsi (Hardy), Tomosvaryella mexicanensis Ale-Rocha and Rafael, and T. tuberculata Hardy. The previously unknown male of Cephalosphaera mocaensis Hardy and Microcephalops latifrons (Hardy) are described for the first time.
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