Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso
This study aimed to evaluate the changes produced by the selective logging of forests on northwest of Mato Grosso (Juruena), on the stock and input of coarse woody debris (CWD), at three ages after logging (2, 6-7 and 11-12 years). Measurements included: diameter and the length of the stems; the sta...
| Autor principal: | Pauletto, Daniela |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/4937 |
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oai:repositorio:1-4937 |
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oai:repositorio:1-4937 Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso Stocks and fluxes of nutrient in coarse wood debris ín selectívely logged forests, Mato Grosso, southern Amazônia Pauletto, Daniela Luizão, Flávio Jesus Liteira grossa Manejo florestal This study aimed to evaluate the changes produced by the selective logging of forests on northwest of Mato Grosso (Juruena), on the stock and input of coarse woody debris (CWD), at three ages after logging (2, 6-7 and 11-12 years). Measurements included: diameter and the length of the stems; the state of decomposition of ali the dead trunks (0 > 10 cm); and, the probable cause of the mortality of trees contained in 16 plots of 40 x 125 m. The mean stocks of CWD were 33.7 Mg ha-1 in the undisturbed forest and of 20.6, 19.9 and 26.4 Mg ha-1 in the logged forests (2, 6-7 and 11-12 years, respectively). The main change in result of the selective logging was observed on the CWD with diameter of 2-10 cm, which showed a strong increase in the stock (105%) and in the volume (37%) of dead wood. ín the selectively logged forests, the fine woody litter (0 2-10 cm) fraction represented 42-56% of the total volume of CWD, and 15-16% of the stock; however, It stores 29-34% of the total N in CWD, 35-40% of the P, 18-20% of the K, 37-42% of Ca and 30-35% of the Mg. Overall, the selective logging generated an increase of 54-109% in the stock of nutrients in such residues, compared to the undisturbed forest. The biggest annual inputs of CWD were found in the undisturbed forest (5.7 Mg ha-1 year-1) and in the forest with 11-12 years after logging (5.3 Mg ha-1 year-1), while the plots 2 and 6-7 years old after logging showed inputs of only 1.1 and 2.8 Mg ha-1 year-1, respectively. The fine woody litter (0 > 2-10 cm) represented 8-9% of the annual input of CWD in the undisturbed forest and of the logged plots with 11-12 years, and for 34% and 40% in the plots with 2 years and 6-7 years after logging, respectively. The biggest stock and input of CWD of palms occurred in the disturbed forests, with an increase of 120-340% in the mortality of palms. There weren't significant changes in the density of soil (0-10 cm) and in the stock of organic C, N and K in the soil (0-20 cm) in result of the logging. However, selective logging caused significant increase on the stocks of available-P, Ca and Mg in the plots logged more recentiy (2 and 6-7 years). Zones with high soil carbon and nutrient concentrations had been identified under decomposing plant residues, with large differences in concentrations compared to the average of the plots' increases of 174% for C, 167% for N, 202% for avail-P, 140% for K, 1129% for Ca and 403% for Mg. Density of the dead wood (0.20-0.70 Mg m-3) showed negativa correlation with the intensity of contact of the trunks with the soil, and decreased with the time of decomposition. Thus, the main changes induced by the selective logging were: (i) high mortality of palms; (ii) a strong increase in the stock and the input of CWD with 0 2-10 cm; and (iii) the formation of zones with high concentrations of available nutrients in the soil, derived from the decomposition of the accumulated wood residues, especially of the finest fraction (with 0 2-10 cm), because they showed higher concentrations of nutrients. Este trabalho avaliou as alterações produzidas pela exploração florestal madeireira no estoque e na produção de liteira grossa em três idades posteriores ao corte (2, 6-7 e 11-12 anos), no noroeste de Mato Grosso (Juruena). Foram mensurados o diâmetro e comprimento dos troncos e avaliado o estádio de decomposição de todos os troncos mortos (0 > 10 cm) e a provável causa da mortalidade de árvores contidas em 16 parcelas de 40 x 125 m. A necromassa total foi de 33,7 Mg ha-1 na floresta não-explorada e de 20,6, 19,9 e 26,4 Mg ha-1 nas áreas submetidas à exploração florestal nas idades de 2, 6-7 e 11-12 anos após a exploração, respectivamente. A principal alteração em decorrência da extração seletiva de madeira foi o aumento no estoque (105%) e no volume (37%) de liteira com diâmetro de 2 a 10 cm. Nas áreas exploradas, a liteira lenhosa mais fina (0 2-10 cm) estocada representou 42-56% do volume, 15-16% do estoque e, no entanto, armazena 29-34% do N, 35-40% do P, 18-20% do K, 37-42% do Ca e 30-35% do Mg, o que gerou um aumento de 54-109% no estoque de nutrientes armazenados nestes resíduos em relação à floresta não explorada. A maior produção anual de liteira grossa ocorreu na floresta não explorada (5,7 Mg ha-1 ano-1) e na floresta com 11-12 anos de exploração (5,3 Mg ha-1 ano-1), enquanto as parcelas com 2 e 6-7 anos apresentaram produções menores (1,1 e 2,8 Mg ha-1 ano-1, respectivamente). A liteira lenhosa mais fina (0 2-10 cm) respondeu por 8-9% da produção anual de liteira na floresta não explorada e das parcelas com 11-12 anos de exploração, e por 34% e 40% nas parcelas com 2 anos e 6-7 anos de corte, respectivamente. O maior estoque e produção de liteira grossa de palmeiras ocorreu nas áreas exploradas, com um aumento de 120-340% na mortalidade de palmeiras. Não foram identificadas alterações significativas na densidade do solo (0-10 cm) e nos estoques de C orgânico, N total e K no solo (0-20 cm) em decorrência da exploração que, no entanto, causou aumento significativo dos estoques de P disponível. Ca e Mg nas parcelas com exploração mais recente (2 e 6-7 anos). Foram identificadas zonas com altas concentrações de carbono e nutrientes no solo sob resíduos vegetais em decomposição, com diferenças de concentrações muito grandes em relação à média das parcelas; aumentos de 1129% (Ca) 403% (Mg), 202% (P disp.), 174% (C), 167% (N) e 140% (K). A densidade da madeira morta (0,20-0,70 Mg m-3) apresentou correlação negativa com a intensidade de contato dos troncos com o solo e diminuiu com o avanço na decomposição. Assim, as principais alterações induzidas pela extração seletiva de madeira foram: uma alta mortalidade de palmeiras; um forte aumento no estoque e na produção de liteira grossa com 0 2-10 cm e a formação de micro-sítios com altas concentrações de nutrientes disponíveis no solo, derivados da decomposição dos resíduos lenhosos acumulados, especialmente dos mais finos (com 0 2-10 cm), que apresentam concentrações mais altas de nutrientes. 2020-01-08T17:21:08Z 2020-01-08T17:21:08Z 2006-04 Dissertação https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/4937 por Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Ciências de Florestas Tropicais - CFT |
| institution |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional |
| collection |
INPA-RI |
| language |
por |
| topic |
Liteira grossa Manejo florestal |
| spellingShingle |
Liteira grossa Manejo florestal Pauletto, Daniela Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| topic_facet |
Liteira grossa Manejo florestal |
| description |
This study aimed to evaluate the changes produced by the selective logging of forests on northwest of Mato Grosso (Juruena), on the stock and input of coarse woody debris (CWD), at three ages after logging (2, 6-7 and 11-12 years). Measurements included: diameter and the length of the stems; the state of decomposition of ali the dead trunks (0 > 10 cm); and, the probable cause of the mortality of trees contained in 16 plots of 40 x 125 m. The mean stocks of CWD were 33.7 Mg ha-1 in the undisturbed forest and of 20.6, 19.9 and 26.4 Mg ha-1 in the logged forests (2, 6-7 and 11-12 years, respectively). The main change in result of the selective logging was observed on the CWD with diameter of 2-10 cm, which showed a strong increase in the stock (105%) and in the volume (37%) of dead wood. ín the selectively logged forests, the fine woody litter (0 2-10 cm) fraction represented 42-56% of the total volume of CWD, and 15-16% of the stock; however, It stores 29-34% of the total N in CWD, 35-40% of the P, 18-20% of the K, 37-42% of Ca and 30-35% of the Mg. Overall, the selective logging generated an increase of 54-109% in the stock of nutrients in such residues, compared to the undisturbed forest. The biggest annual inputs of CWD were found in the undisturbed forest (5.7 Mg ha-1 year-1) and in the forest with 11-12 years after logging (5.3 Mg ha-1 year-1), while the plots 2 and 6-7 years old after logging showed inputs of only 1.1 and 2.8 Mg ha-1 year-1, respectively. The fine woody litter (0 > 2-10 cm) represented 8-9% of the annual input of CWD in the undisturbed forest and of the logged plots with 11-12 years, and for 34% and 40% in the plots with 2 years and 6-7 years after logging, respectively. The biggest stock and input of CWD of palms occurred in the disturbed forests, with an increase of 120-340% in the mortality of palms. There weren't significant changes in the density of soil (0-10 cm) and in the stock of organic C, N and K in the soil (0-20 cm) in result of the logging. However, selective logging caused significant increase on the stocks of available-P, Ca and Mg in the plots logged more recentiy (2 and 6-7 years). Zones with high soil carbon and nutrient concentrations had been identified under decomposing plant residues, with large differences in concentrations compared to the average of the plots' increases of 174% for C, 167% for N, 202% for avail-P, 140% for K, 1129% for Ca and 403% for Mg. Density of the dead wood (0.20-0.70 Mg m-3) showed negativa correlation with the intensity of contact of the trunks with the soil, and decreased with the time of decomposition. Thus, the main changes induced by the selective logging were: (i) high mortality of palms; (ii) a strong increase in the stock and the input of CWD with 0 2-10 cm; and (iii) the formation of zones with high concentrations of available nutrients in the soil, derived from the decomposition of the accumulated wood residues, especially of the finest fraction (with 0 2-10 cm), because they showed higher concentrations of nutrients. |
| author_additional |
Luizão, Flávio Jesus |
| author_additionalStr |
Luizão, Flávio Jesus |
| format |
Dissertação |
| author |
Pauletto, Daniela |
| title |
Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| title_short |
Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| title_full |
Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| title_fullStr |
Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no Noroeste de Mato Grosso |
| title_sort |
estoque, produção e fluxo de nutrientes da liteira grossa em floresta submetida à exploração seletiva de madeira no noroeste de mato grosso |
| publisher |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/4937 |
| _version_ |
1787141733095571456 |
| score |
11.755432 |