Modelagem biométrica para árvores individuais a partir do lidar em área de manejo de precisão em florestas tropicais na Amazônia Ocidental
The studies in this thesis aim to obtain equations for estimating bole volume, impact of gaps and bole biomass of dominant and codominant trees cut under conditions of precision forest management. These equations used morphometric variables of the canopy obtained by the airborne LIDAR. The study...
| Autor principal: | Figueiredo, Evandro Orfanó |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/4953 http://lattes.cnpq.br/1426998720186795 |
| Resumo: |
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The studies in this thesis aim to obtain equations for estimating bole volume, impact
of gaps and bole biomass of dominant and codominant trees cut under conditions of
precision forest management. These equations used morphometric variables of the
canopy obtained by the airborne LIDAR. The study area is in the Antimary State
Forest (FEA), located in the municipality of Bujari in the state of Acre, Brazil. The
studies were grouped into three chapters. The first has as its object the construction
of equations for estimating the bole volume of individual trees considering two
situations of forest inventory: a) with the collection of diameter at breast height
(DBH), and crown morphometric variables obtained from LIDAR data and b) using
only the crown morphometry variables. For the selection of models the factors
considered were: the correlation matrix of predictor variables and the combination of
variables that generates the best results by statistical criteria Syx, Syx (%) and Pressp,
and that were homoscedastic and had normal and independent distributions of
errors. Influence analysis was perfomed for the best equations. Results for the
statistical fit of the equations for the two situations allowed selection of models with
and without DBH, with R2
aj.(%) values of a) 92.92 and b) 79.44, Syx(%) values of a)
16.73 and b) 27.47, and, Pressp criterion values of a) 201.15 m6 and b) 537.47 m6,
respectively. The second chapter describes the studies for estimating the areas of
gaps of individual dominant and codominant trees, since this information is neglected
in the forest planning process and its prior analysis is an important tool for selection
of trees that can maximize the forest volume maintained and reduce the impacts on
forest cover. On two separate occasions profiles were made in an annual forestproduction
unit in the Antimary State Forest (FEA). The first was carried out a few
days before the start of logging and the second was done after completion of harvest
activities. With field measurements and processing of the cloud of LIDAR points,
dendrometric and morphometric variables were obtained for the canopy in order to
develop equations for estimating gap areas. After evaluation of the explanatory
variables with the highest correlations with gap area, the method used considering all
possible models and including 2-4 parameters. Ten equations were selected, of
which two were chosen for use; these had R2
aj > 75%, Syx < 23%, the sum of the
residuals tending to zero and a graph of the distribution of the residuals indicating no
bias. The third and final chapter presents the development of allometric models for
estimating green and dry biomass stored in the boles of dominant and codominant
trees. The method used selected from among all possible models and performed
identity testing of models in order to consider the different groups of basic wood
density (low, medium and high). The morphometric variables of the crown showed
high explanatory power for predicting bole biomass and allometric equations can be
associated or not with varying DBH. When considering bole biomass according to the
basic wood density, the best estimate is obtained using allometric equations with
variables on both morphology of crown and DBH. To form a single group involving
the three classes of basic density, one must adhere exclusively the explanatory
variables represent the crown, or, in the case of dry biomass, variables basic density
(DB) and total height (Ht). By of morphometric variables of the tree crown obtained
with the airborne LIDAR it was possible to develop equations capable of accurately
estimating the area of gap and the volume and bole biomass of dominant and
codominant trees in tropical forests, which demonstrates the potential of using forest
profiling for improving precision management. |