Dissertação

Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização

The chestnut (Bertholletia excelsa H. B.) has been one of the native species most used for composing agroforestry and homogeneous plantations in the Amazon region due its excellent silvicultural characteristics, but there are few studies that address the responses of species, from the point of view...

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Autor principal: Corrêa, Viviane Maia
Grau: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Publicado em: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA 2020
Assuntos:
Castanha-da-Amazônia
Fertilização fosfatada
Nutrição florestal
Acesso em linha: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5030
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1333427505974285
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spelling oai:repositorio:1-5030 Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização Corrêa, Viviane Maia Gonçalves, José Francisco de Carvalho Ferreira, Marciel José Castanha-da-Amazônia Fertilização fosfatada Nutrição florestal The chestnut (Bertholletia excelsa H. B.) has been one of the native species most used for composing agroforestry and homogeneous plantations in the Amazon region due its excellent silvicultural characteristics, but there are few studies that address the responses of species, from the point of view of performance and physiological growth when subjected to fertility treatments. The objective of this research was to investigate the responses of growth, nutritional aspects and photosynthetic characteristics of young plants of Bertholletia excelsa under different fertilization treatments. The experiment was carried on a greenhouse, the plants were grown in Oxisol of loamy soil. The treatments were: T1 (control - without fertilizer), T2 (Ca and Mg), T3 (Ca, Mg, K, N + micronutrients), T4 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 100 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients ), T5 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 200 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients), T6 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 400 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients), T7 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 500 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients. Besides the analysis of soil fertility, were also studied growth in height and diameter, the gain index leaf, the main root length, leaf area, specific leaf area and accumulation of plant dry matter and leaf nutrient content, the efficient use of nutrients, gas exchange, the pigment contents, chlorophyll fluorescence levels of soluble sugars and starch. Regarding the growth in height and diameter, while the treatment T1 grew in height 3.0 cm month-1, T6 and T7 treatments stood out with monthly growth rates of the order of 7.9 to 7.6 cm month-1, while that the diameter for these treatments exhibited monthly increase of 0.4 (T1), 0.9 (T6) and 0.8 (T7) mm month-1. Treatments T5, T6 and T7 stood out for biomass and leaf area showed up to three times greater than T1. Length of the main and root/PA root ratio was higher in the T1 (0,48 and 94.1 cm), whereas in the T6 values for these two parameters were 0.16 and 38,0 cm2. Treatments showed significant differences in specific leaf area. Regarding nutrient content, T1, T6 and T7 had the highest levels of P. The maximum photosynthetic rates ranged between 7.3 and 11,0 mol m-2 s-1, with the highest rates observed in T1, T6 and T7. Chlorophyll contents were higher in the treatment T5 (2.87 g mol-1), chlorophyll b in the treatment T4 (1, 01 g mol-1) and carotenoids in treatment T6 (1.11 g mol-1). Analyzes chlorophyll fluorescence indicate that T1, T6 and T7 better performance photochemical considering all parameters (Fv/Fm , and PIABS PItotal). Concentrations of soluble sugars were higher in T1 and T2, while the starch content was higher in treatments T6 and T7. Given these results, it can be concluded that B. excelsa responded to phosphate fertilization treatments in relation to growth rates and biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic performance of the specie is closely related to the P concentration in the leaves, influenced by the efficiency of uptake and use of energy. A castanheira (Bertholletia excelsa H. B.) tem sido uma das espécies florestais nativas mais utilizadas para compor sistemas agroflorestais e plantios homogêneos na região amazônica devido suas excelentes características silviculturais, porém são escassos trabalhos que contemplem as respostas da espécie, sob o ponto de vista do desempenho em crescimento e fisiológico, quando submetida a tratamentos de fertilização. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as respostas de crescimento, os aspectos nutricionais e as características fotossintéticas de plantas jovens de Bertholletia excelsa submetidas a diferentes tratamentos de fertilização. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sendo as plantas cultivadas em Latossolo Amarelo de textura muito argilosa. Os tratamentos foram: T1 (controle – sem adubação), T2 (Ca e Mg), T3 (Ca, Mg, K, N + micronutrientes), T4 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 100 mg kg-1de P + micronutrientes), T5(Ca, Mg, K, N, 200 mg kg-1de P + micronutrientes), T6 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 400 mg kg-1de P + micronutrientes), T7 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 500 mg kg-1de P + micronutrientes. Além das análises de fertilidade do solo, também foram estudados o crescimento em altura e diâmetro, o índice de ganho foliar, o comprimento da raiz principal, a área foliar, a área foliar específica e o acúmulo de matéria seca das plantas, bem como os teores de nutrientes foliares, a eficiência no uso dos nutrientes, as trocas gasosas, os teores de pigmentos cloroplastídicos, a fluorescência da clorofila a e os teores de açúcares solúveis totais e amido. Com relação ao crescimento em altura e diâmetro, enquanto o tratamento T1 cresceu em altura 3,0 cm mês-1,os tratamentos T6 e T7 destacaram-se com taxas de crescimento mensal da ordem de 7,9 e 7,6 cm mês-1, ao passo que, o diâmetro para estes tratamentos exibiu incremento mensal de 0,4 (T1), 0,9 (T6) e 0,8 (T7) mm mês-1. Os tratamentos T5, T6 e T7 destacaram-se no acúmulo de biomassa e exibiram área foliar até três vezes maior que o tratamento T1. O comprimento da raiz principal e a razão raiz/PA foi maior no tratamento T1 (94,1 cm e 0,48), enquanto no T6 os valores para estas duas variáveis foram 38,2 cm e 0,16. Os tratamentos apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto à área foliar específica. Quanto aos teores foliares de nutrientes, T1, T6 e T7 obtiveram os maiores teores de P. As taxas de fotossíntese máxima variaram entre 7,3 e 11,0 μmol m-2 s-1, com as maiores taxas observadas em T1, T6 e T7. Os teores de clorofila a foram maiores no tratamento T5 (2,87 μmol g-1), clorofila b no tratamento T4 (1,01 μmol g-1) e carotenóides no tratamento T6 (1,11 μmol g-1). As análises de fluorescência da clorofila a indicam que os tratamentos T1, T6 e T7 apresentaram melhor desempenho fotoquímico considerando todos os parâmetros analisados (Fv/Fm, PIABS e PItotal). Os teores de açúcares solúveis totais foram maiores nos tratamentos T1 e T2, enquanto os teores de amido foram maiores nos tratamentos T6 e T7. Diante destes resultados, pode-se concluir que B. excelsa respondeu aos tratamentos de fertilização fosfatada no que se refere às taxas de crescimento e acúmulo de massa seca, e que o desempenho fotossintético da espécie é fortemente relacionado ao teor de P nas folhas, influenciado pela maior eficiência de captação e uso da energia. 2020-01-10T16:31:43Z 2020-01-10T16:31:43Z 2013-06-28 Dissertação https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5030 http://lattes.cnpq.br/1333427505974285 por Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Ciências de Florestas Tropicais - CFT
institution Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Repositório Institucional
collection INPA-RI
language por
topic Castanha-da-Amazônia
Fertilização fosfatada
Nutrição florestal
spellingShingle Castanha-da-Amazônia
Fertilização fosfatada
Nutrição florestal
Corrêa, Viviane Maia
Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
topic_facet Castanha-da-Amazônia
Fertilização fosfatada
Nutrição florestal
description The chestnut (Bertholletia excelsa H. B.) has been one of the native species most used for composing agroforestry and homogeneous plantations in the Amazon region due its excellent silvicultural characteristics, but there are few studies that address the responses of species, from the point of view of performance and physiological growth when subjected to fertility treatments. The objective of this research was to investigate the responses of growth, nutritional aspects and photosynthetic characteristics of young plants of Bertholletia excelsa under different fertilization treatments. The experiment was carried on a greenhouse, the plants were grown in Oxisol of loamy soil. The treatments were: T1 (control - without fertilizer), T2 (Ca and Mg), T3 (Ca, Mg, K, N + micronutrients), T4 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 100 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients ), T5 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 200 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients), T6 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 400 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients), T7 (Ca, Mg, K, N, 500 mg kg-1 of P + micronutrients. Besides the analysis of soil fertility, were also studied growth in height and diameter, the gain index leaf, the main root length, leaf area, specific leaf area and accumulation of plant dry matter and leaf nutrient content, the efficient use of nutrients, gas exchange, the pigment contents, chlorophyll fluorescence levels of soluble sugars and starch. Regarding the growth in height and diameter, while the treatment T1 grew in height 3.0 cm month-1, T6 and T7 treatments stood out with monthly growth rates of the order of 7.9 to 7.6 cm month-1, while that the diameter for these treatments exhibited monthly increase of 0.4 (T1), 0.9 (T6) and 0.8 (T7) mm month-1. Treatments T5, T6 and T7 stood out for biomass and leaf area showed up to three times greater than T1. Length of the main and root/PA root ratio was higher in the T1 (0,48 and 94.1 cm), whereas in the T6 values for these two parameters were 0.16 and 38,0 cm2. Treatments showed significant differences in specific leaf area. Regarding nutrient content, T1, T6 and T7 had the highest levels of P. The maximum photosynthetic rates ranged between 7.3 and 11,0 mol m-2 s-1, with the highest rates observed in T1, T6 and T7. Chlorophyll contents were higher in the treatment T5 (2.87 g mol-1), chlorophyll b in the treatment T4 (1, 01 g mol-1) and carotenoids in treatment T6 (1.11 g mol-1). Analyzes chlorophyll fluorescence indicate that T1, T6 and T7 better performance photochemical considering all parameters (Fv/Fm , and PIABS PItotal). Concentrations of soluble sugars were higher in T1 and T2, while the starch content was higher in treatments T6 and T7. Given these results, it can be concluded that B. excelsa responded to phosphate fertilization treatments in relation to growth rates and biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic performance of the specie is closely related to the P concentration in the leaves, influenced by the efficiency of uptake and use of energy.
author_additional Gonçalves, José Francisco de Carvalho
author_additionalStr Gonçalves, José Francisco de Carvalho
format Dissertação
author Corrêa, Viviane Maia
title Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
title_short Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
title_full Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
title_fullStr Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
title_full_unstemmed Crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
title_sort crescimento, aspectos nutricionais e fotossintéticos de plantas jovens de bertholletia excelsa h. b. submetidas à diferentes tratamentos de fertilização
publisher Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
publishDate 2020
url https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5030
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1333427505974285
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score 11.653393

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