Manejo, conservação e mudanças comunitárias associadas ao uso de andiroba (Carapa spp.) na Reserva Extrativista do Rio Jutaí - Amazonas
In the Extractive Reserve (RESEX) of Jutaí River, Amazonas-Brazil (67 ° 03 '07.78'' W and 03 ° 04' 50.79'' S) villagers expressed expectations and changes in andiroba (Carapa spp.) management. It is amazing this fact because in this reserve is not noticed high abundance of adult trees, neither for h...
| Autor principal: | Calle, Diego Alejandro Cardona |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5049 http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4485691U2 |
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In the Extractive Reserve (RESEX) of Jutaí River, Amazonas-Brazil (67 ° 03 '07.78'' W and 03 ° 04' 50.79'' S) villagers expressed expectations and changes in andiroba (Carapa spp.) management. It is amazing this fact because in this reserve is not noticed high abundance of adult trees, neither for high commerce activities of the related products observed there. In this way, questions were formulated about the reasons for the changes, how they are coming about and their implications for conservation and evolution. Socioeconomic and management issues associated with andiroba were studied in 31 households in 10 communities of the extractive reserve. It was used questionnaires with semi-structured interviews, participatory observations and study of working time/effort expended in the activity. Local people gave a great significance for the species, mainly determined by the value in use, especially as medicine and for fishing matrinchã (Brycon spp.) and four other fish. The latter application is detailed in the study because it has not yet described in the current literature. The management is done in forest areas and complemented with plantations by the majority of families as part of a productive system which includes some degree of marketing even within the extractive reserve. Multivariate analysis discriminated a group that invested more time and people during harvesting thus achieving higher production but lower performance. A tendency for specialization is not present. On the contrary, the families perform a diversity of tasks (pluriactivity) and creatively adapt their approaches as needed. Based on seed morphological traits, it was observed four morphospecies of andiroba managed by the extractors, and it is likely that one of these corresponds to a new species, Carapa vasquezii Kenfack, which was described for the first time in the Amazon basin in 2011. The Carapa spp. population was evaluated with sampled transects, focusing on different size classes (seedlings, saplings I and II), with or without management. The results showed that collecting activities do not effect negatively the natural regeneration, neither the establishment of Carapa spp., which added to the management in plantations or agroforestry systems is favoring the evolutionary process of species and landscape. |