Plantio de leguminosas arbóreas para enriquecimento de capoeiras e recuperação de pastagens degradadas da Amazônia
The recuperation of degraded lands and enrichment planting on secondary forests formed after land abandonment is an important tool to restore his productivity, reducing needs of new deforestations. The sucess of reforestation projects depends of right choice of species, in accordance with soil fe...
| Autor principal: | Silva, Marco Aurélio de Carvalho |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5113 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660596180738429 |
| Resumo: |
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The recuperation of degraded lands and enrichment planting on secondary forests formed
after land abandonment is an important tool to restore his productivity, reducing needs of new
deforestations. The sucess of reforestation projects depends of right choice of species, in
accordance with soil fertility and light availability, fundamental aspects in plant development.
Here, we investigated the initial establishment of Hymenaea courbaril, Stryphnodendron
microstachyum, Stryphnodendron guianense e Parkia platycephala in degraded pasture and
secondary forest area. The survival and growth of species were evaluated in three soil
fertilization treatments: control = without fertilization; organic fertilization = cattle manure;
organic fertilization plus mineral fertilization = cattle manure + P, K, Ca and micronutrients.
In secondary forest, we evaluated too the effect of small light variations on species growth.
The planting was done in ramdomized blocks and monitored for 12 months. All species
survived better on secondary forest than in pasture, but was significantly just to S. guianense
and P. platycephala (p < 0,01). The crown area was greater (p < 0,05) in pasture for P.
platycephala H. courbaril, e S. guianense and except P. platycephala, the other species had
the crown area determined to fertilization treatments (p < 0,05). Just S. guianense had the
hight growth equal in both environments, whereas the other species growth better (p < 0,05)
in the pasture than in secondary forest. The growth of S. microstachyum improved in growing
fertilization levels (p < 0,05). For S. guianense and P. platycephala, the organic fertilization
promoted results equal to organic more mineral fertilization and was superior than control (p
< 0,05). The variations in light availability on understory were able to distort significantly the
effect of fertilization treatments on growth of Parkia platycephala and Hymenaea courbaril,
while the growth of Stryphnodendron guianense and Stryphnodendron microstachyum were
not affected by light regime in understory. We concluded that organic fertilization is a
important technology for planting in Amazonia, some times producing results equal to
mineral fertilization. To evaluated parameters, all four species are promising in pasture
recuperation, especially, P. platycephala, while in secondary forest, the planting of S.
guianense can to be viable, according to future growth rates. Whatever the effect of light
variation in understory of secondary forest, just the ramdomization of the treatments is not
enoght to ensure equal conditions of light in planting realized in block design inside the
secondary forests, and, for species more sensitive to small variation of light, is extremely need
to measure and remove his effect for a correct interpretation of plant responses to treatments. |