Avaliação de biomassa e óleo de rebrotas de galhos e folhas de pau-rosa (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) em plantios comerciais submetidos à poda e adubação
This study aimed to evaluate the production of biomass and productivity of oil branches and leaves of rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) trees in commercial plantations with ages of 3 and 5 years, subject to pruning and fertilization, located in Maués, states of Amazonas, Brazil. The planting of 3 years...
| Autor principal: | Takeda, Patricia Sayuri |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5149 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7627113267322744 |
| Resumo: |
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This study aimed to evaluate the production of biomass and productivity of oil branches and
leaves of rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) trees in commercial plantations with ages of 3 and 5
years, subject to pruning and fertilization, located in Maués, states of Amazonas, Brazil. The
planting of 3 years has 1,240 trees with spacing of 1.5 m x 2.0 m and the planting of 5 years
has 335 trees with spacing of 3 m x 4 m. A completely randomized design was used for the
experiment, with factorial of 2 x 2 (intensity of pruning and fertilization), composed of 4
treatments, with ten replicates were used for each treatment, for plantation. The crowns were
pruned and quantified the biomass of branches and leaves, through the direct method. For
fertilization were used dolomitic limestone, urea (45 % N), triple superphosphate (40 %
P 2 O 5 ), potassium chloride (60 % K 2 O). The evaluation of sprout of the crown was made by
resulting in the number, length and diameter of sprouts. After 12 months, the trees were
pruned again; determining the amount of biomass produced the sprout and quantified and
qualified the oil of branches and leaves. To the evaluation of the productivity of essential oil
were selected three random samples of each treatment. The extraction of oil was made by
hidrodistillation, using apparatus for Clevenger. The quality of the oil was determined by gas
chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the quantification of linalool,
determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The highest
total biomass production of the crowns of trees, rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) was obtained
from the planting of 5 years old, with 24 ton/ha, whereas in the planting of 3 years produced a
smaller quantity, with about 5 ton/ha. The planting of 3 years produced the largest quantity of
biomass of sprout (16 ton/ha) in only 12 months of implementation of pruning, while the
planting of 5 years produced smaller quantity (13 ton/ha). The treatments with pruning to 100
% of which had better answer with respect to the production of biomass of sprout of branches
and leaves, in both plantations. The fertilizer was not a determining factor in the production of
biomass of sprout of the crown, in plantations of 3 and 5 years, in the time interval of 12
months. The production of oil in the planting of 3 years was higher in treatment with a 100 %
pruning and fertilization, as both branches of leaves, with 2.43 % and 4.28 % respectively,
while the planting of 5 years the higher production of branches oil was obtained in treatment
with a 50 % pruning and fertilization. The content of linalool found in oils of branches was
higher than that of oils from the leaves, with 65 % of linalool in branches and 50 % in the
leaves, in the planting of 3 years, and 65 % of linalool in branches and 38 % in the leaves of
planting of 5 years. The content of essential oil and linalool in the branches and leaves
showed that it is more profitable to extract oil from these parts of the plant that made of wood.
In addition to prevent the extinction of species, provides increased production, especially if it
is adopted the system of periodic pruning. |