Cultivo micelial in vitro e elaboração de “semente-inóculo” de Lentinus strigosus, um cogumelo comestível isolado na Amazônia
The Amazonas State presents favorable scenery for the development of thefungiculture, because gathers the native diversity of species of edible mushrooms and abundantly substrates lignocellulosics. However, the protocols of cultivation are usually described for species of temperate climate habitat...
| Autor principal: | Vargas-Isla, Ruby |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5217 http://lattes.cnpq.br/8328562880053914 |
| Resumo: |
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The Amazonas State presents favorable scenery for the development of thefungiculture, because gathers the native diversity of species of edible mushrooms and
abundantly substrates lignocellulosics. However, the protocols of cultivation are usually
described for species of temperate climate habitat, being necessary the development
of protocols for species of tropical climate. The specie Lentinus strigosus (Schwein.) Fr.
(=Panus rudis Fr.) has a wide world distribution presenting several ecotypes. The
edibility of this specie has been reported in ethnomycology studies of indigenous
groups in the Amazon. However, your potential production in commercial scale has still
been a little explored. In this study, reported the optimum conditions in vitro of mycelial
growth of L. strigosus. The isolated presented characteristics of thermophile
filamentous mushroom, with growth in temperatures from 25 to 45°C, being the
optimum growth temperature, 35°C. This temperature is an important advantage for the
development of the fungiculture in the tropics, since it is a common temperature for the
region. In relation to the substrates for spawn preparation, in a first phase, the mycelial
growth of L. strigosus was evaluated in based on sawdust formulations of 11 forestry
regional species: Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke (Angelim pedra), Hura crepitans L.
(Assacu), Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K. (Castanheira), Cedrela odorata L. (Cedro),
Bombacopsis quinata (Jacq.) Dugand. (Cedro doce), Hymenaea courbaril L. (Jatobá),
Ocotea cymbarum Kunth (Louro canela), Simarouba amara Aubl. (Marupá), Astronium
lecointei Ducke (Muiracatiara), Aniba rosaeodora Ducke (Pau rosa) and Caryocar sp.
(Piquiarana) and Eucalyptus sp. in comparison, main substratum used in the
fungiculture of the South and Southeast of Brazil and Quercus acutissima Carr., very
used in Asia. The sawdusts were supplemented with 20% (w/w) of rice bran. The
substrates formulated with sawdust of B. quinata and S. amara they promoted higher
mycelial growth (p<0.05). In the second phase, was evaluated the mycelial growth in
sawdust of S. amara supplemented with seven different nitrogen sources (20% w/w):
rice bran, soy extract, beer yeast, passion fruit shell flour, soy fiber, wheat fiber and
wheat germ. As control was utilized pure sawdust. All the supplements favored in
different levels the mycelial growth of L. strigosus. Bags and flasks of polypropylene
were tested for spawn production and utilizing sawdust of S. amara, H. petraeum and
A. lecointei supplemented with rice bran, after 25 days of inoculation the substrates
were totally colonized by L. strigosus in all the packings tested. For choice of the
packing other criteria should be considered aspects as costs of the packings; time of
colonization; transport viability and feasibility of mycelial inoculation on the substratum.
By these results, the spawn of L. strigosus was elaborated with success, being used
sawdust of S. amara supplemented with 20% (w/w) of rice bran, at 35°C during 25
days, in the dark, in three packings with different characteristics. |