Avaliação da qualidade nutritiva da biomassa foliar de leguminosas nativas selecionadas para emprego como adubo verde nos agrossistemas da Amazônia
The green manure is one of the most feasible and efficient techniques for improving low cost agricultural crops wich comprises adding organic matter acting as a soil conditioner replacing and recycling nutrients soil and allowing the mobilization of these leached or poorly soluble in most layers dee...
| Autor principal: | Guimarães, Rejane Rocha Pinheiro |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5312 http://lattes.cnpq.br/8545580629055888 |
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The green manure is one of the most feasible and efficient techniques for improving low cost agricultural crops wich comprises adding organic matter acting as a soil conditioner replacing and recycling nutrients soil and allowing the mobilization of these leached or poorly soluble in most layers deep soil and increasing CTC. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of leaf biomass six preselected native leguminous for use as green manure in the metropolitan region of Manaus. For upland Faveira-camuzé (Stryphnodendron guianense), Gipoóca (Entada polyphylla) and Ingá (Inga edulis) and the foodplain Malição (Mimosa pigra) and Mata-pasto (Senna reticulata) in five municipalities in the metropolitan region of Manaus: Careiro da Várzea, Iranduba, Itacoatiara, Manacapuru and Novo Airão. Field work was carried out from June to November 2014. The soil was collected from the depths 0 – 5 cm and 5 – 15 cm and leaf biomass was collected approximately 500g of each species. Soil and plants analyzes were conducted in the Thematic Soil the National Institute for Research in the Amazon INPA V-8. To the soil was determined pH in H2O, N, P, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Fe, Al3+ and Organic Carbon, and the plant tissue was determined N, P, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, lignin, cellulose and polyphenol. The experimental design was adopted factorial arrangement of type 5 x 5, considering the main factor species and secondary factor provenances totaling 25 treatments with three replications. For cellulose, lignin and polyphenols was considered the factorial type 5 x 5 with 25 treatments and two replications. Data were subjected to ANOVA and compared by Tuckey model (P<0,01). The nutritional quality of leaf biomass of leguminous present stability regardless of their origin and nitrogen concentrations greater than 3,1%. In foliar biomass, only for iron and zinc concentrations significant interactions were found between species and municipalities. The ingá and field bean-camuzé that has the dry land as the preferred environment, showed adaptation to soils with low fertility in the different municipalities visited. In the lowland environment, the forest-pasture stood out compared to malição and gipoóca with rich leaf biomass in phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. There was a significant interaction between species and municipalities for calcium and phosphorus in the soil at both depths considered and the pH and aluminum at a depth of 15 cm. The quality of biomass of the species was evidenced by the N content greater than 3 %, with small variations in the availability of macronutrients related to the environment where it is developed. There are significant differences in the concentration of cellulose and lingnin between species faveira-camuzé, gipoóca, ingá, malição and mata-pasto selected for green manure but not on their polyphenol content. Regardless of origin, the synthesis of cellulose compounds in maliçao was significantly higher than in faveira-camuzé and lignin in biomass malição and ingá were higher tham those of forest-pasture and field faveira-camuzé. There is significant variation in the concentration of secondary metabolites lignin, cellulose and polyphenols among provenances and leaf biomass colleted in Careiro da Várzea plants showed the highest levels of these compounds. Among leguminous, leaf biomass of forest-pasture and field faveira-camuzé had the lowest concentrations of secondary metabolites, while malição and ingá the highest concentrations, with implications for its use in green manure practices. |