Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos
The social, economic, demographic, technological and cultural changes that the country faced, especially since the middle of the last century, directly affected the food pattern, which has been constituted of food of high energy content and poor in nutrients, configuring a risk diet for obesity a...
| Autor principal: | Lopes, Elisama Costa |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Tocantins
2018
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| Acesso em linha: |
http://hdl.handle.net/11612/1051 |
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ir-11612-1051 |
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ir-11612-10512019-05-25T06:24:27Z Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos Lopes, Elisama Costa Rezende, Fabiane Aparecida Canaan Padrões; Consumo alimentar; Doenças cardiovasculares; Adultos; Análise multivariada; Dietary; Patterns; Cardiovascular diseases; Adult; Multivariate Analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE The social, economic, demographic, technological and cultural changes that the country faced, especially since the middle of the last century, directly affected the food pattern, which has been constituted of food of high energy content and poor in nutrients, configuring a risk diet for obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Knowing the dietary patterns is important as a starting point for establishing relationships between food and health / disease and preventive and / or therapeutic interventions. Initially, a literature search was carried out in a systematized manner in the Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean in Health Sciences) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) , from original articles that identified a posteriori dietary patterns, between 2007 and 2017, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, having as descriptors: diet, dietary patterns, risk, cardiovascular, biomarkers, health and adult. Thirty-five studies were included. "Healthy", "traditional" and "prudent" patterns were associated with a better biochemical, anthropometric and blood pressure profile. On the other hand, the "Western", "Meat and alcohol" and "Snacks, fast food and desserts" patterns were directly associated with cardiometabolic risk. These results were the basis for a cross-sectional study with 130 adult male and female employees from a public university in Tocantins, Brazil, to identify dietary patterns, and to investigate associated demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and cardiometabolic factors. Anthropometric measures, biochemical tests and blood pressure were measured, as well as interviews with sociodemographic, economic and behavioral data. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis with orthogonal Varimax rotation, based on a food frequency questionnaire. Three patterns were identified: (1) healthy (fruits, vegetables, oats / granola, cereals / roots, chicken / fish, oilseeds, mixed cereal / root preparations and meats, eggs, pulses and natural juices); (2) western (breads, cakes, biscuits, sweets, beef, pork and meat offal, processed meats and bacon, whole dairy, soda, industrialized juices and feijoada) and (3) fit (butter, oilseeds, honey / sugarcane and eggs, and low consumption of margarine, soda and industrialized juices). After adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical and blood pressure variables, the healthy pattern was inversely associated with fasting glycemia, and directly with LDL-c, the western pattern was associated with higher concentrations of fasting glycemia and the fit pattern was inversely associated with LDL-c. Although the healthy dietary pattern was associated with higher concentrations of LDL-c, a fact that may have occurred due to reverse causality - a bias that is difficult to control in the cross-sectional design, it is recommended to encourage the adoption of this standard, mainly for foods with proven health benefits. As mudanças sociais, econômicas, demográficas, tecnológicas e culturais que o País enfrentou, em especial a partir da metade do século passado, afetaram diretamente o padrão alimentar, que passou a ser constituído, principalmente, de alimentos de alto teor energético, e pobres em nutrientes, configurando uma alimentação de risco para obesidade e doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Conhecer o padrão alimentar é algo importante como ponto de partida para estabelecer relações entre alimentação, saúde/doença e intervenções preventivas e/ou terapêuticas. Inicialmente realizou-se uma busca na literatura, sistemática, nas bases de dados Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), de artigos originais que identificaram padrões alimentares a posteriori, entre 2007 e 2017, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, tendo como descritores: diet, dietary patterns, risk, cardiovascular, biomarkers, health e adult . Foram incluídos 35 estudos. Os padrões alimentares rotulados “saudável”, “tradicional” e “prudente” associaram-se a melhores perfis bioquímico, antropométrico e pressórico. Já os padrões “Ocidental”, “Carne e álcool” e “Lanches, fast food e sobremesas” associaram-se diretamente ao risco cardiometabólico. Esses resultados serviram de base para o estudo transversal com 130 funcionários adultos, de ambos os sexos, de uma universidade pública no Tocantins, Brasil, com objetivo de identificar os padrões alimentares, e investigar os fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais e cardiometabólicos associados. Foram aferidas medidas antropométricas, pressão arterial e realizados exames bioquímicos, além de entrevista com dados sociodemográficos, econômicos e comportamentais. Os padrões alimentares foram identificados por análise de componentes principais, com rotação ortogonal Varimax, com base em um questionário de frequência alimentar. Identificaram-se três padrões, que foram rotulados: (1) saudável (frutas, hortaliças, aveia/granola, cereais/ raízes, frango/ peixe, oleaginosas, preparações mistas com cereais/ raízes e carnes, ovos, leguminosas e sucos naturais), (2) ocidental (pães, bolos, biscoitos, doces, carne bovina, suína e miúdos, carnes processadas e bacon, lácteos integrais, refrigerante, sucos industrializados e feijoada) e (3) fit (manteiga, oleaginosas, mel/ rapadura e ovos, e baixo consumo de margarina, refrigerante e sucos industrializados). Após ajuste para variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais, antropométricas, bioquímicas e pressão arterial, os escores mais elevados do padrão saudável associoaram-se inversamente à glicemia de jejum, e diretamente aos níveis séricos de LDL-c, o padrão ocidental associou-se a maiores concentrações de glicemia de jejum e o padrão fit foi inversamente associado aos níveis séricos de LDL-c. Embora o padrão alimentar saudável tenha se associado com concentrações mais elevadas de LDL-c, fato que pode ter ocorrido em razão da causalidade reversa – viés de difícil controle do delineamento transversal, recomenda-se o incentivo à adoção desse padrão, por ser constituído, principalmente, por alimentos com benefícios comprovados à saúde. 2018-12-12T13:11:29Z 2018-12-12T13:11:29Z 2018-09-01 Dissertação LOPES, Elisama Costa. Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos.2018.145f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) – Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Palmas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/1051 pt_BR Open Access application/pdf application/pdf Universidade Federal do Tocantins BR Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde - PPGCS Palmas |
| institution |
Repositório Institucional - Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT |
| collection |
RepositorioUFT |
| language |
pt_BR |
| topic |
Padrões; Consumo alimentar; Doenças cardiovasculares; Adultos; Análise multivariada; Dietary; Patterns; Cardiovascular diseases; Adult; Multivariate Analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE |
| spellingShingle |
Padrões; Consumo alimentar; Doenças cardiovasculares; Adultos; Análise multivariada; Dietary; Patterns; Cardiovascular diseases; Adult; Multivariate Analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE Lopes, Elisama Costa Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| topic_facet |
Padrões; Consumo alimentar; Doenças cardiovasculares; Adultos; Análise multivariada; Dietary; Patterns; Cardiovascular diseases; Adult; Multivariate Analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE |
| description |
The social, economic, demographic, technological and cultural changes that the country faced,
especially since the middle of the last century, directly affected the food pattern, which has
been constituted of food of high energy content and poor in nutrients, configuring a risk diet
for obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Knowing the dietary patterns is important as a
starting point for establishing relationships between food and health / disease and preventive
and / or therapeutic interventions. Initially, a literature search was carried out in a
systematized manner in the Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System
Online), Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean in Health Sciences) and SciELO (Scientific
Electronic Library Online) , from original articles that identified a posteriori dietary patterns,
between 2007 and 2017, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, having as descriptors: diet,
dietary patterns, risk, cardiovascular, biomarkers, health and adult. Thirty-five studies were
included. "Healthy", "traditional" and "prudent" patterns were associated with a better
biochemical, anthropometric and blood pressure profile. On the other hand, the "Western",
"Meat and alcohol" and "Snacks, fast food and desserts" patterns were directly associated with
cardiometabolic risk. These results were the basis for a cross-sectional study with 130 adult
male and female employees from a public university in Tocantins, Brazil, to identify dietary
patterns, and to investigate associated demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and
cardiometabolic factors. Anthropometric measures, biochemical tests and blood pressure were
measured, as well as interviews with sociodemographic, economic and behavioral data.
Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis with orthogonal Varimax
rotation, based on a food frequency questionnaire. Three patterns were identified: (1) healthy
(fruits, vegetables, oats / granola, cereals / roots, chicken / fish, oilseeds, mixed cereal / root
preparations and meats, eggs, pulses and natural juices); (2) western (breads, cakes, biscuits,
sweets, beef, pork and meat offal, processed meats and bacon, whole dairy, soda,
industrialized juices and feijoada) and (3) fit (butter, oilseeds, honey / sugarcane and eggs, and
low consumption of margarine, soda and industrialized juices). After adjusting for
sociodemographic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical and blood pressure variables, the
healthy pattern was inversely associated with fasting glycemia, and directly with LDL-c, the
western pattern was associated with higher concentrations of fasting glycemia and the fit
pattern was inversely associated with LDL-c. Although the healthy dietary pattern was
associated with higher concentrations of LDL-c, a fact that may have occurred due to reverse
causality - a bias that is difficult to control in the cross-sectional design, it is recommended to
encourage the adoption of this standard, mainly for foods with proven health benefits. |
| author_additional |
Rezende, Fabiane Aparecida Canaan |
| author_additionalStr |
Rezende, Fabiane Aparecida Canaan |
| format |
Dissertação |
| author |
Lopes, Elisama Costa |
| title |
Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| title_short |
Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| title_full |
Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| title_fullStr |
Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| title_sort |
identificação de padrões alimentares em uma população adulta: associação com marcadores de risco cardiometabólicos |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal do Tocantins |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11612/1051 |
| _version_ |
1787134701658439680 |
| score |
11.755432 |