This dissertation comprise a study over science and technology (S&T) of Tocantins. The research aimed to analyze to what extent the Brazilian federative model affects the institutionalization of Tocantins Policy of Science and Technology (TPS&T). To this end, four specific objectives were established: to analyze the National Policy of Science and Technology (NPS&T) regarding northern Brazil; confront the federal government investments in S&T in relation to investments of the Tocantins state; describe the advances and setbacks of TPS&T and analyze TPS&T based on the perception of local actors. The research is qualitative and the data collection occurred using the following methodological strategies: bibliographic and documental research, questionnaires applications and conducting semi-structured interviews with important actors at the decision- making process of policies aimed for S&T in Tocantins. The results indicate the financial fragility of the Tocantins state of proposing public policy with its own resources. Consequently, it was noted strong dependence on the Tocantins state in the resources of the federal government. When analyzing the financial resource decentralization policy adopted by the federal government to the northern region, we could identify that the decentralization policy does not guarantee the full application of resources within the region, nor assures that resources be distributed fairly between the states that makes up this region. The high cost of S&T policy for the states, together with financial limitations and the low visibility of results achieved by S&T actions and programs in Tocantins constitutes as an important element at decision making regarding the institutionalization of politics in the State of Tocantins. It is inferred, therefore, that the TPS&T is highly affected by the federative model which comprises the distribution of competence and decision-making power between the federal government.
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