This paper aims at making an approach on food safety and rural development between 1964 and
2011, based on the contributions of Brazilian thinkers who analyze those themes. Thus, an
exploratory and bibliographic methodological set was used. Being considered a world reference
in food production, Brazil faces a paradox, even with a growing production in agriculture, it is
possible to notice that a significant part of the population does not have access to appropriate
feeding which might characterize a food safety condition. Such contradiction suggests that the
scenario results, from social aspects, of which is stood out the unequal income distribution.
Several public policies were implanted along the studied period in order to reduce that
condition, for instance Fome Zero Program. However, it is verified that more important than
redistributing income, it is necessary to create social and economic inclusion conditions to the
population, through incentives to new rural and non-rural activities respecting the local aspects
and so contributing to rural development.
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