This Course Conclusion Paper discusses the Penal State and its relationship with drug policies in the Brazilian context, presenting the historical, structural foundations and trends that make up the changes in drug regulations. The method of analysis used is directly linked to historical-dialectical materialism, with a methodology composed of bibliographical, documentary and qualitative research. Using these methodological procedures, the research was directed to the analysis of the norms and legislation launched in the period between 2018 and 2019, showing in the legislation the main changes in relation to those previously instituted. From the delimitation of the regulations and the period of analysis, the data collection centered on the documents of the federal government, carried out through content analysis. In this perspective, this work was anchored in the discussion based on central categories such as: drugs, drug policies and the Penal State. According to the analyzes carried out, it was possible to observe that the Penal State is strengthened in maintaining the prohibitionist logic through the “war on drugs”. During the years of 2018 and 2019, the regulations on drugs in question, instituted by the current government, followed standards of the prohibition and punishment model, contributing to the maintenance of the Penal State. Considering the Brazilian reality, the advances point to a setback in the field of social rights with changes in legislation, providing a scenario of adversity for social movements that face confrontations from the anti-prohibitionist perspective.
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