Silage refers to green fodder stored in anaerobic medium in deposits called silos, silage is a method of preserving fodder in anaerobic medium, through the action of bacteria, especially lactic acid bacteria that produce organic acids, mainly lactic acid, which results in a decrease pH, providing forage conservation. When the forage is not in ideal conditions to be ensiled, that is, low dry matter and / or low soluble carbohydrates and an increase in buffer capacity, additives can be used, which have the purpose of improving the fermentation pattern ensiled mass, reducing secondary fermentations, improving aerobic stability and the fermentation process. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the importance of applying additives in the production of silage for feeding ruminants, through a literature review. The results were organized into topics related to the silage fermentation process, factors that influence the ensiling process, aerobic stability, additives (chemical, bacterial, moisture absorbers). It is concluded that the use of additives are still questionable in the literature regarding the concentration and the type of additive to be used. However, research continues to progress in order to improve the final quality of the silage.
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