The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CFRB/1988)
guarantees rights to indigenous people, among them the right to own lands. From
this context, the state has created mechanisms for the recognition and demarcation
of indigenous territories. However, the indigenous lands (IL) demarcated by
the state, have today a status of conservation and preservation of the environment,
with national and international recognition in environmental agendas, the
target of various programs and projects aimed at environmental preservation. It
is in this scenario that arise the first initiatives of the Project for the Environmental
and Territorial Management of the Indigenous Lands (ETMIL). However,
given the need for maintenance and conservation of indigenous lands, the state
has created the National Policy for Environmental and Territorial Management
of Indigenous Lands (NPETMIL) that is organized in guidelines and objectives
for territorial management of the ILs. The policy is in force, having as one of
its main implementation instruments, the ETMIL project. The project was developed
as a pilot at the national level in 32 ILs that have become Reference
Area (RA). In Tocantins state the project is developed in two ILs, which were,
IL Xerente and IL Xambioá. This dissertation aimed to know how was the development
of the ETML project and consequently the NPETMIL in IL Xambioá,
in perspective of Karajá Xambioá people.
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