An author such as Michel Foucault (1926-1984) when presenting an extensive study of knowledge, power and ethics, leaves the reader with doubts and questions: The subjected to power could not possibly oppose itself from submission? The psychiatric power, with its knowledge about insanity, would be that powerful? In the attempt to answer these questions, it was established as a general objective to investigate he parrhesia and insanity in the case of Estamira. For the methodological presupposition, it was chosen the writings of Michel Foucault on the theme of madness. In the documentar film analysis about Estamira, produced by Marcos Prado in 2004, some scenes were analyzed mostly based in his later writings, from 1980 to 1984, from the Collège de France. The final thought of Foucault reveals a historical concern of what would be the self care and the Parrhesia in the Classical Greece period from around the IV century B.C., the Roman Hellenistic period during the I and II century A.D. and the early Christians (IV to V A.D.). The author is able to perceive that in Greek antiquity, the existence of a subjectivity that does not follow rules, which turns to a practice of freedom (ascetic practices), a search for how to tell the truth (parrhesia) leading to an ethical constitution tied to the aesthetics of existence of the subject´s life. The conclusion is, based on Foucault's historical analysis, that the example of
Estamiranos refers to an "ontology of the present", "ontology of real discourses," a conception of subjectivity, truth and life philosophy for the individual, with his insanity, to transform his life and be different than it is, ruling himself through parrhesia, be honest and to tell the truth.
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