Systemic arterial hypertension (HAS) is responsible for about 7% of the complications of
diseases worldwide and diet is one of the modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study
was to evaluate the association of consumption of ultraprocessed foods with
socioeconomic level, physical activity and mindfulness while eating in patients with
HAS. This is a substudy of the national research “Effectiveness of a Nutritional Strategy
for Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Users of the
Unified Health System (SUS): “NUPRESS” study. Only baseline data were collected
from the patients, such as: anthropometric measurements, physical activity,
socioeconomic level, mindfulness while eating, and blood pressure. Food consumption
was assessed using the 24-hour recall and all foods were classified according to NOVA.
Multinomial Logistic Regression was performed to assess predictors of consumption of
ultraprocessed foods. The sample consisted of 365 individuals, 60.5% of whom were
female and with a mean age of 52.4 years (range 25 to 82 years). Most (59.4%) were
classified as having low levels of physical activity and 84.1% of patients were overweight
(25.5% overweight and 58.6% obese). Ultraprocessed foods contributed 16.3% of total
energy. We observed an association of the highest tertile of caloric consumption of
ultraprocessed foods with age and total energy. In the final model, we observed an
association between age in tertile 3, and socioeconomic level in tertiles 2 and 3. There
was no association between the consumption of ultraprocessed products and patients'
mindfulness when eating. Younger people with better socioeconomic status are more
likely to consume more ultra-processed products.
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