This study was aimed at examining the performance of elementary school students II of a public school in reading and textual interpretation through questions proposed by the textbook and questions drawn up by me, as a teacher-researcher and conductor of the room. The research is inserted in the area of Applied Linguistics and discusses within an interactional social cognitive perspective language Bakhtin (1997a, 1997b) the idea of the creation of meaning in text. The analytical work of interpretation issues in textbook Portuguese and propose a new type of interpretative issues is developed from the contributions of Marcuschi (1996, 2008) and Santos (2001). They also contribute in this redesign process issues the authors Kleiman (1999), Koch and Elias (2006) and Antunes (2010). Developed within the framework of action research Engel (2000) and Bortoni-Ricardo (2008) based quantitative and qualitative Gomes and Araújo (2005) and Gatti (2014). The investigative process in question took as a research subject, a group of elementary school students II of a public school in Marabá state of Pará, in the year 2014. The instruments used for data collection were, at first, the proposal for reading and interpretation of a text extracted from the textbook adopted in school investigated; and, thereafter, re-reading the text then the interpretation of questions, this time drawn by me, as a teacher-researcher and conductor. Data analysis became apparent the following results: a) Despite frequent redesigns in which the textbook has passed, especially after the advent of PNLD and NCPs, as supervisors of the material quality, also highlight problems of different aspects, which It is requires the teacher a work of analysis and reformulation of certain activities; b) The students has remained more apt to answer questions that prioritize location and copy information to the detriment of issues that require the use of a critical and reflective thinking to the (re) construction of the senses; c) The current picture of the textbook and the performance of students in interpretation activities requires more teacher a mediating posture that stimulates debate reflection and interaction towards a satisfactory achievement of results.
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