This work aimed to analyze the socioenvironmental implications resulting from the
regulatory process and the use of pesticides in Brazil. Having in particular the following
objectives: 1. Confront Brazilian legal provisions for the protection of society and the
environment with regulatory acts and regulations on the use of pesticides; 2. Analyze the
Brazilian legislative and executive trend regarding the regulation and use of pesticides;
3. Understand how agricultural expansion interferes with the way of life of the Xerente
people; 4. Analyze the effects of pesticides on vegetation located on the border between
the Indigenous Land (IT) and monocultures. An increasingly permissive position was
demonstrated, both by the legislative and executive branches, through the publication of
regulations by Organs regulatory bodies for pesticides, and by the imminent approval of
PL 6299/2002. This policy of favoring the use of pesticides in Brazil is linked to
agricultural expansion, and together they put the way of life of the Xerente people at risk,
who do not have their constitutional rights respected and suffer the consequences of
actions harmful to the environment and human health, caused by agents external to the
community. It is possible to state that the plants collected in the border region between
T.I. and a monoculture, located in the municipality of Pedro Afonso / TO, indicate,
through morphoanatomical analyzes of its leaves, that these plants are suffering harmful
effects from pesticides that reach them through drift. The use of this resource is indicated
as a way of biomonitoring the presence of pesticides in the Indigenous Land.
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