Tese

Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)

Despite the historical use of plants for therapeutic purposes in Brazil, the progress in research that justifies such pharmacological effects is still negligible in the face of the vast national flora. With a view to indicating the Parkia platycephala species in the treatment of Alzheimer's disea...

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Autor principal: Fernandes, Rachel de Moura Nunes
Grau: Tese
Idioma: pt_BR
Publicado em: Universidade Federal do Tocantins 2023
Assuntos:
Fava de bolota; Cromatografia; DPPH; Artenia salina; Alzheimer; Chromatography;
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
Acesso em linha: http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5386
id ir-11612-5386
recordtype dspace
spelling ir-11612-53862023-05-19T06:01:47Z Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.) Fernandes, Rachel de Moura Nunes Scapin, Elisandra Fava de bolota; Cromatografia; DPPH; Artenia salina; Alzheimer; Chromatography; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS Despite the historical use of plants for therapeutic purposes in Brazil, the progress in research that justifies such pharmacological effects is still negligible in the face of the vast national flora. With a view to indicating the Parkia platycephala species in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, two methods of hot extraction (hydroethanolic and sequential) of the leaf, bark, flower and seed of this species were carried out to carry out chemical bioprospecting (liquid chromatography “LC”, gas chromatography “GC”), determine the antioxidant capacity (DPPH•), anticholinesterase activity (Ellman) and toxicity (Artemia salina, Allium cepa) of these extracts. The crude extracts of the leaf (LE), bark (BE), flower (FE) and seed (SE) of Parkia platycephala were obtained after hydroethanolic extraction at reflux (Soxlhet), using ethanolic solution (70%) for a period of 5h. Sequential extraction started with hexane solvent under reflux for 5h. After 12 hours of drying in a hood, the same sample underwent a new extraction with methanolic solvent. The methodology was repeated, to finish the extraction with ethanolic solution (70%). Thus, the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of the leaf (LEM, LEE), bark (BEM, BEE), flower (FEM, FEE) and seed (SEM, SEE) were obtained, respectively. The presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phytosterols/triterpenoids and alkaloids were detected in the phytochemical screening of both methodologies. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was influenced by the methodologies, mainly for the bark, whose BEE extract (IC50=10.69 ± 0.35 μg. mL-1) showed an antioxant capacity superior to the rutin standard (IC50=15.85 ± 0.08μg. mL-1). The chemical characterization of the sequential extracts indicated a diversity of compounds, evidencing urs- 12-ene and 1,2,3 benzenotriol, in leaf extracts, linoelaidic acid, (Z)-9-octadecenamide and (Z)-7-hexadecenal, in seed extracts, trilinolein, (Z)-9-octadecenamide, in bark extracts and 3- o-methyl-d-glucose and (methylsulfinyl)(methylthio)-methane in flower extracts. For the crude extracts, three steroids and two triterpenoids were identified by GC-MS. Analysis by CL-DAD revealed the presence of naringin and kaempferol in all parts of the plant, in addition to phenolic acids (leaf, bark and flower). Among the analyzed extracts, the bark and the seed showed the highest levels of toxicity against Artemia salina, while in relation to Allium cepa, the seed extracts inhibited root growth from 250 μg. mL-1. Such results are indicative of antitumor activity. Although all extracts showed potential anticholinesterase activity, the crude seed extract and the sequential extracts of the flower stood out. We conclude that the sequential ethanol extracts showed better results in the antioxidant (bark), of toxicity (leaf) and anticholinesterase (flower) assays, while the crude seed extract stood out in terms of toxicity and anticholinesterase activity. Apesar de ser histórico o uso de plantas com fins terapêuticos no Brasil, o avanço nas pesquisas que justifiquem tais efeitos farmacológicos ainda é ínfimo diante da vasta flora nacional. Com a perspectiva da indicação da espécie Parkia platycephala no tratamento da Doença de Alzheimer, realizou-se duas metodologias de extrações a quente (hidroetanólica e sequencial) da folha, casca, flor e semente desta espécie, para realizar a bioprospecção química (cromatografia liquida “LC”, cromatografia gasosa “CG”), determinar a capacidade antioxidante (DPPH•), a atividade anticolinesterásica (Ellman) e a toxicidade (Artemia salina, Allium cepa) destes extratos. Os extratos brutos da folha (LE), casca (BE), flor (FE) e semente (SE) da Parkia platycephala foram obtidos após extração hidroetanólica em refluxo (Soxlhet), utilizando solução etanolica (70%) pelo período de 5h. A extração sequencial, teve início com solvente hexânico sob refluxo durante 5h. Após 12h de secagem em capela, a mesma amostra passou por nova extração com solvente metanólico. Repetiu-se a metodologia, para finalizar a extração com solução etanólica (70%). Assim obtiveram-se os extratos metanólicos e etanólicos da folha (LEM, LEE), da casca (BEM, BEE), da flor (FEM, FEE) e da semente (SEM, SEE), respectivamente. As presenças de taninos, flavonoides, saponinas, fitoesteróis/triterpenoides e alcaloides foram detectados na triagem fitoquímica de ambas as metodologias. A atividade antioxidante dos extratos sofreu influencia das metodologias, principalmente para o extrato etanólico da casca, com capacidade antioxante (IC50=10,69 ± 0,35 μg. mL-1) superior ao padrão rutina (IC50=15,85 ± 0,08μg. mL-1). A caracterização química dos extratos sequenciais, indicou uma diversidade de compostos, evidenciando-se o urs-12-eno e o 1,2,3 benzenotriol, nos extratos da folha, o ácido linoelaidico, o (Z)-9- octadecenamida e o (Z)-7-hexadecenal, nos extratos da semente, a trilinoleina, a (Z)-9- octadecenamida, nos extratos da casca e o 3-O-metil-d-glicose e (metilsulfinil)(metiltio)- metano nos extratos da flor. Para os extratos brutos identificou-se por CG-EM, três esteroides e dois triterpenoides. A análise por CL-DAD revelou a presença de naringina e kaempferol em todas as partes da planta, além de ácidos fenólicos (na folha, casca e flor). Dentre os extratos analisados, a casca e a semente apresentaram os maiores índices de toxicidade frente à Artemia salina, enquanto em relação à Allium cepa, os extratos da semente inibiram o crescimento radicular a partir de 250 μg. mL-1. Tais resultados são indicativos de atividade antitumoral. Apesar de todos os extratos terem apresentado potencial atividade anticolinesterásica, o extrato bruto da semente e os extratos sequenciais da flor se destacaram. Concluimos que, os extratos sequenciais etanólicos apresentaram melhores resultados nos ensaios antioxidante (casca), de toxicidade (folha) e anticolinesterásico (flor), enquanto o extrato bruto da semente teve destaque na toxicidade e atividade anticolinesterásica. 2023-05-18T14:32:56Z 2023-05-18T14:32:56Z 2023-03-17 Tese FERNANDES, Rachel de Moura Nunes.Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.). 2023. 155f. Tese (Doutorado em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade) – Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia Rede Bionorte, Palmas, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5386 pt_BR Open Access application/pdf application/pdf Universidade Federal do Tocantins BR Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal - Bionorte Palmas
institution Repositório Institucional - Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT
collection RepositorioUFT
language pt_BR
topic Fava de bolota; Cromatografia; DPPH; Artenia salina; Alzheimer; Chromatography;
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
spellingShingle Fava de bolota; Cromatografia; DPPH; Artenia salina; Alzheimer; Chromatography;
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
Fernandes, Rachel de Moura Nunes
Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
topic_facet Fava de bolota; Cromatografia; DPPH; Artenia salina; Alzheimer; Chromatography;
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
description Despite the historical use of plants for therapeutic purposes in Brazil, the progress in research that justifies such pharmacological effects is still negligible in the face of the vast national flora. With a view to indicating the Parkia platycephala species in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, two methods of hot extraction (hydroethanolic and sequential) of the leaf, bark, flower and seed of this species were carried out to carry out chemical bioprospecting (liquid chromatography “LC”, gas chromatography “GC”), determine the antioxidant capacity (DPPH•), anticholinesterase activity (Ellman) and toxicity (Artemia salina, Allium cepa) of these extracts. The crude extracts of the leaf (LE), bark (BE), flower (FE) and seed (SE) of Parkia platycephala were obtained after hydroethanolic extraction at reflux (Soxlhet), using ethanolic solution (70%) for a period of 5h. Sequential extraction started with hexane solvent under reflux for 5h. After 12 hours of drying in a hood, the same sample underwent a new extraction with methanolic solvent. The methodology was repeated, to finish the extraction with ethanolic solution (70%). Thus, the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of the leaf (LEM, LEE), bark (BEM, BEE), flower (FEM, FEE) and seed (SEM, SEE) were obtained, respectively. The presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phytosterols/triterpenoids and alkaloids were detected in the phytochemical screening of both methodologies. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was influenced by the methodologies, mainly for the bark, whose BEE extract (IC50=10.69 ± 0.35 μg. mL-1) showed an antioxant capacity superior to the rutin standard (IC50=15.85 ± 0.08μg. mL-1). The chemical characterization of the sequential extracts indicated a diversity of compounds, evidencing urs- 12-ene and 1,2,3 benzenotriol, in leaf extracts, linoelaidic acid, (Z)-9-octadecenamide and (Z)-7-hexadecenal, in seed extracts, trilinolein, (Z)-9-octadecenamide, in bark extracts and 3- o-methyl-d-glucose and (methylsulfinyl)(methylthio)-methane in flower extracts. For the crude extracts, three steroids and two triterpenoids were identified by GC-MS. Analysis by CL-DAD revealed the presence of naringin and kaempferol in all parts of the plant, in addition to phenolic acids (leaf, bark and flower). Among the analyzed extracts, the bark and the seed showed the highest levels of toxicity against Artemia salina, while in relation to Allium cepa, the seed extracts inhibited root growth from 250 μg. mL-1. Such results are indicative of antitumor activity. Although all extracts showed potential anticholinesterase activity, the crude seed extract and the sequential extracts of the flower stood out. We conclude that the sequential ethanol extracts showed better results in the antioxidant (bark), of toxicity (leaf) and anticholinesterase (flower) assays, while the crude seed extract stood out in terms of toxicity and anticholinesterase activity.
author_additional Scapin, Elisandra
author_additionalStr Scapin, Elisandra
format Tese
author Fernandes, Rachel de Moura Nunes
title Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
title_short Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
title_full Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
title_fullStr Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
title_full_unstemmed Bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.)
title_sort bioprospecção fitoquímica, toxicidade e atividades antioxidante e anticolinesterásica de extratos da parkia platycephala (benth.)
publisher Universidade Federal do Tocantins
publishDate 2023
url http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5386
_version_ 1787134502972162048
score 11.755432

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