Monografia

Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)

The neem tree (Azadirachtina indica A. Juss) is known for its therapeutic, pesticidal, fer- tilizer and pharmacological properties, due to the abundance of organic compounds be- longing to several chemical classes with biological activities. Due to these attributes, the neem tree has great econom...

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Autor principal: CABRAL, Simyão Macêdo
Grau: Monografia
Idioma: pt_BR
Publicado em: Universidade Federal do Tocantins 2024
Assuntos:
Azadirachtina Indica A,
Juss,
Nim,
Sohxlet,
HS-MEFS/CG-EM.
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
Acesso em linha: http://hdl.handle.net/11612/6347
id ir-11612-6347
recordtype dspace
spelling ir-11612-63472024-04-01T06:10:34Z Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica) CABRAL, Simyão Macêdo Silva, Flamys Lena do Nascimento Azadirachtina Indica A, Juss, Nim, Sohxlet, HS-MEFS/CG-EM. CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA The neem tree (Azadirachtina indica A. Juss) is known for its therapeutic, pesticidal, fer- tilizer and pharmacological properties, due to the abundance of organic compounds be- longing to several chemical classes with biological activities. Due to these attributes, the neem tree has great economic potential and continues to be used worldwide. In the present work, the extraction and chemical characterization of oil from neem seeds collected at the Federal University of Northern Tocantins (UFNT) campus Cimba, located in Araguaína, Tocantins, was carried out. For oil extraction, the Sohxlet system was used, for the ex- traction and characterization of volatiles, the HS-SPME-GC-MS method was used, and the fatty acid profile was characterized by GC-FID. The average yield obtained from the oil was 23% ± 0.07. A total of 34 volatile compounds were detected, of which 9 were identified by Kovats index: 2-methyldecane, 3-methyldecane, 4-methyldecane, 2-me- thylundecane, 3-methylundecane, 3,4-dimethylthiophene, 2,5- diol-3-hexane, 1,2,3-tri- methylbenzene and buticyclohexane. Compounds with antimicrobial, insecticidal and an- tifungal properties, such as: undecane, dodecane, phytol, toluene, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, 3,4-dimethylthiophene, (E)-propenylpropyltrisulfide and di-(1-propenyl )-trisulfide were also found. In addition to the oil volatiles, 7 fatty acids were found. The most abundant were: oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, with the oil extracted from the seeds having the highest concentration of oleic acid and the commercial neem oil the highest concentration of linoleic acid. Some volatiles and fatty acids have had their bio- activities reported and they correspond with the known benefits of neem. Thus, these chemical constituents are considered part of the synergistic effect on the plant. A árvore nim (Azadirachtina indica A. Juss) é conhecida pelas propriedades terapêutica, pesticida, fertilizante e farmacológica, devido à abundância de compostos orgânicos per- tencentes à várias classes químicas com atividades biológicas. Devido estes atributos, a árvore nim possui grande potencial econômico e segue sendo utilizada em nível mundial. No presente trabalho realizou-se a extração e caracterização química do óleo das sementes de nim coletadas na Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins (UFNT) campus Cimba, localizada em Araguaína, Tocantins. Para extração do óleo foi empregado o sistema Sohxlet, já para a extração e caracterização dos voláteis utilizou-se o método HS-MEFS- CG-EM, e o perfil de ácidos graxos foi caracterizado por CG-DIC. O rendimento médio obtido do óleo foi de 23 % ± 0,07. Um total de 34 compostos voláteis foram detectados, destes 9 foram identificados por índice de Kovats: 2-metildecano, 3-metildecano, 4-me- tildecano, 2-metilundecano, 3-metilundecano, 3,4-dimetiltiofeno, 2,5-diol-3-hexano, 1,2,3-trimetilbenzeno e bulticiclohexano. Compostos com propriedades antimicrobiana, inseticida e antifúngica, tais como: undecano, dodecano, fitol, tolueno, 2-metil-2-pente- nal, 3,4-dimetiltiofeno, (E)-propenilpropiltrissulfeto e di-(1-propenil)-trissulfeto foram também encontrados. Além dos voláteis do óleo, foram encontrados 7 ácidos graxos. Os mais abundantes foram: ácido oleico, ácido linoleico, ácido palmítico e ácido esteárico, sendo que o óleo extraído das sementes apresentou maior concentração de ácido oleico e o óleo de nim comercial maior concentração de ácido linoleico. Alguns voláteis e ácidos graxos tiveram suas bioatividades reportadas e correspondem com os benefícios conhecidos do nim. Dessa forma, considera-se esses constituintes químicos parte do efeito si- nérgico na planta. 2024-01-29T14:32:29Z 2024-01-29T14:32:29Z 2024-01-29 Monografia CABRAL, Simyão Macêdo. EXTRAÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO QUÍMICA DO ÓLEO DE SEMENTES DE NIM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA). 2023. 80 f. TCC (Graduação) - Curso de Química, Unidade Federal do Tocantins, Araguaina, 2024. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/6347 pt_BR liberados application/pdf Universidade Federal do Tocantins Araguaína CURSO::ARAGUAÍNA::PRESENCIAL::LICENCIATURA::QUÍMICA Araguaína Graduação
institution Repositório Institucional - Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT
collection RepositorioUFT
language pt_BR
topic Azadirachtina Indica A,
Juss,
Nim,
Sohxlet,
HS-MEFS/CG-EM.
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
spellingShingle Azadirachtina Indica A,
Juss,
Nim,
Sohxlet,
HS-MEFS/CG-EM.
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
CABRAL, Simyão Macêdo
Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
topic_facet Azadirachtina Indica A,
Juss,
Nim,
Sohxlet,
HS-MEFS/CG-EM.
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
description The neem tree (Azadirachtina indica A. Juss) is known for its therapeutic, pesticidal, fer- tilizer and pharmacological properties, due to the abundance of organic compounds be- longing to several chemical classes with biological activities. Due to these attributes, the neem tree has great economic potential and continues to be used worldwide. In the present work, the extraction and chemical characterization of oil from neem seeds collected at the Federal University of Northern Tocantins (UFNT) campus Cimba, located in Araguaína, Tocantins, was carried out. For oil extraction, the Sohxlet system was used, for the ex- traction and characterization of volatiles, the HS-SPME-GC-MS method was used, and the fatty acid profile was characterized by GC-FID. The average yield obtained from the oil was 23% ± 0.07. A total of 34 volatile compounds were detected, of which 9 were identified by Kovats index: 2-methyldecane, 3-methyldecane, 4-methyldecane, 2-me- thylundecane, 3-methylundecane, 3,4-dimethylthiophene, 2,5- diol-3-hexane, 1,2,3-tri- methylbenzene and buticyclohexane. Compounds with antimicrobial, insecticidal and an- tifungal properties, such as: undecane, dodecane, phytol, toluene, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, 3,4-dimethylthiophene, (E)-propenylpropyltrisulfide and di-(1-propenyl )-trisulfide were also found. In addition to the oil volatiles, 7 fatty acids were found. The most abundant were: oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, with the oil extracted from the seeds having the highest concentration of oleic acid and the commercial neem oil the highest concentration of linoleic acid. Some volatiles and fatty acids have had their bio- activities reported and they correspond with the known benefits of neem. Thus, these chemical constituents are considered part of the synergistic effect on the plant.
author_additional Silva, Flamys Lena do Nascimento
author_additionalStr Silva, Flamys Lena do Nascimento
format Monografia
author CABRAL, Simyão Macêdo
title Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
title_short Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
title_full Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
title_fullStr Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
title_full_unstemmed Extração e Caracterização Química do Óleo de Sementes de Nim (azadirachta indica)
title_sort extração e caracterização química do Óleo de sementes de nim (azadirachta indica)
publisher Universidade Federal do Tocantins
publishDate 2024
url http://hdl.handle.net/11612/6347
_version_ 1797188864908984320
score 11.755432

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