ntroduction: The Impostor Phenomenon (IF) is related to self-perception of intellectual
inferiority in relation to its peers. Prevalent in medical students, when related to anxiety and
depression, it can trigger psychic and academic impairments. Objective: To analyze the
impostor phenomenon and its relationship with psychic symptoms, academic performance, and
sociocultural factors of medical students from the Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of
Palmas/TO. Methodology: Quantitative, analytical-descriptive, and cross-sectional study with
322 medical students from the second to the twelfth periods. Data collection occurred by digital
form through "Google Forms", composed of three instruments: Sociocultural questionnaire and
psychological conditions; Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale; and Brief Inventory of
Symptoms. The statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS, with calculations of measures
of central tendency and variability and absolute and percentage frequencies. Fisher's Chi-square
or Exact Test was used to verify the association between the IF outcome variable and
sociocultural variables, psychological conditions, and psychic symptoms. The normality of
quantitative variables was verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Spearman's correlations between
the IF and the variables academic performance, Global Severity Index (GSI) and its dimensions
were estimated. The results of the statistical tests were considered significant at the level of 5%.
Results: The following frequencies were verified for the IF categories: 9.9% with mild degree;
39.8% with moderate, 36.3% with severe and 14.0% with very severe. Statistical tests showed
significant associations between IF and the variables gender, marital status, psychiatric
treatment, use of psychiatric medication, psychological follow-up and, at the significance limit,
with paid work. The associations of the IF categories (mild, moderate, severe, and very severe)
with those of the GSI (positive and negative) and with those of its nine dimensions (positive
and negative) were all significant. The General Coefficient of Academic Performance did not
obtain statistical significance for linear relationship with IF. Conclusion: Approximately half
of the students have high degrees of FI. Greater severity is associated with female gender, single
or divorced marital status, psychological follow-up, psychiatric treatment, and the use of
psychiatric medication. IF in greater magnitudes is related to the presence of psychic symptoms.
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