This paper addresses the importance of positive reinforcement in the teaching-learning process in Elementary School II and High School, focusing on the development of emotional and social competencies in children and adolescents. The research is framed within the context of Basic Education, as established by the National Education Guidelines and Framework Law (LDB), and seeks to explore how pedagogical practices, especially positive reinforcement, can contribute to student motivation and engagement, promoting their school retention and success. The methodology employed involved a qualitative analysis of teaching strategies, based on a literature review and case studies documented in different educational contexts. The main results indicate that the effective use of positive reinforcement, combined with inclusive practices, not only enhances cognitive learning but also fosters social integration and the emotional development of students. The study highlights the importance of motivational strategies and the internalization of values in enhancing pedagogical practices, suggesting further research to promote the holistic development of students.
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