Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 1 at children and adolescents is awakening attention to the increasing number of cases, is the most common endocrine disease at this age group. Objective: To describe the profile of type 1 diabetic patients under 15 who do monitoring at Reference Center of Endocrinology and Treatment Methods for Diabetes in State of Pará: This was a descriptive analytical, prospective study with a quantitative approach. The variables analyzed were sociodemographic, behavioral, anthropometric data, diabetes knowledge and difficulties encountered in the treatment of patients. All data required for the analysis was obtained by questionnaire filling, answered by the parents or people in charge of the child or adolescent aged up to 15 years of age diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus at the clinic of the University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, reference in Pará for diabetes Treatment. Results: We observed 30 patients; children had blood glucose level within the normal range (71.43%), while the teenager with altered glycemia (75%). No relation was found between glucose indices and sex, education or family income. The behavioral analysis regarding frequency and physical activity in this study did not prove a factor that interfered with controlled blood glucose or not. About the diet therapy, a major part of interviewed recognizes that nutritionist is the professional is responsible for prescribing (70%), financial issue is appointed as the most difficult factor to follow such a diet (26.67%), the main criteria for this diet is not eating sugar and sweets (63.33%). School snacks are made and brought from home (53.33%). Insulin therapy more frequently is the analogue insulin short and long term (46.67%). Regarding the cause of diabetes, insulin deficit is the principal (45.24%). Nephropathy had been report in only one patient (3.33%). Many of them have already checked ophthalmologist (60%) as a preventive measure. The average blood glucose level among children was 167.43, 177.50 and adolescents. Conclusion: The increase of cases of DM1 is a global concern for public health. The difficulties come since the knowledge of the pathophysiology until lifestyle changes needing, which starts at process of education during the routine clinical practice and reaches the working group, aiming to better glycemic control and better quality life to this clientele.
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