This thesis analyzed the current structure of provision water treatment and sanitation services
in Brazil and in the state of Pará, based on economical, physical and legal characteristics. The
investigation focused on the disparities of the relative efficiencies of service providers in the
coverage ratio. The technical and economical characteristics demonstrate need to adopt
measures to regulate the sector's activities in order to increase the efficiency and quality of
services offered. Otherwise, the regulatory framework changes give the indissociability of
planning, regulation and service provision. Thus, the cooperation between the three levels of
government as well as the possibility of the private sector participation, represents an
important step forward in the effort to provide open access to basic sewage services in this
country. The results of DEA models, shows that the supply of sewage services in Brazil and
in the state of Pará, is limited by the poor performance of local providers. From this
evidences, less than 1/3 of providers worked in a technically efficient level, both in 2001 as
2010. Consequently, the possibilities for improvements presented in benchmarking analysis
proved that adopting productive Best Practices by companies with low efficiency would be
possible to achieve significantly increases both quantitative units connected to sanitation
network as the full length of water distribution and sewage collection mesh, from the same
exploration expense index. In specific case of Sanitation Company of the State of Pará, this
company shows beyond of lower efficiency in front of national average score, in both periods,
the company presented inefficiencies in technical and scale conjunction. That is, besides of
offering water and sewage services by general network below than its expenses, and lower
financial return as desirable, the COSANPA worked in a range below the mean. From the
comparative efficiency analysis of private enterprises and mixed economy societies with
public administration, was noticed as light advantage than private companies in the provision
of services, mainly influenced by the capacity of tax collecting and the general network sewer
service. Precisely it is the service with a greater demand for investments. In the end, by
relation the result of public companies efficiency with the rates of water supply and sewage
collection by general network was showed that a direct relationship between the efficiency
scores of the model and the access to sanitation services.
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