Our objective, in the present work, is dedicated to demonstrating the main epistemological
elements of the complexity elaborated by Edgar Morin in general contrast with the principles
of the modern method of Descartes. We start from the following guiding questions: how does
the passage from modern ordered knowledge to complex organized knowledge occur and how
does this knowledge culminate in a conception of humanism? The hypothesis we defend is
that Morin's principles of complexity are exposed as a critical dialogue about the limitations
of the modern method, pointing out how the last one has an ambivalent impact on science and
society under the name of degenerate humanism and a regenerated humanism.
Methodologically, we discuss, firstly, the conception of science and method in modernity,
starting with the arguments that precede and formulate the organization of a quantitative
method of knowledge, having as a central axis the contributions of Descartes in his main
works (1952). The second part of the text turns to the conception of science and method
according to the contributions of the epistemology of complexity, proposed by Edgar Morin
(1996, 2011, 2015, 2016), where we present the main intelligibilities of his theory: the
dialogic principle, the recursive principle, the hologrammatic principle. In the third and last
part of the text, we compare complex thinking and modernity based on the concept of
humanism. Initially, we expose the reading of modernity by complexity, highlighting the
category of rationalization. Then, we explain how the modern method has repercussions in
contemporary times with the advent of the action ecology. Finally, we present a reconstruction
of an alternative method and knowledge, capable of dealing with uncertainties, culminating in
the proposal of a regeneration of humanism.
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