The Itacaiunas River Basin (BHRI) has its source in the main channel located in the
Serra da Seringa, in the municipality of Água Azul do Norte, state of Pará. Much of the
economic resources come from mineral and agricultural exploration; consequently, the
basin also faces strong environmental impacts arising from this and other activities
linked to the economic use of its natural resources. With this information and others in
mind, this dissertation aims to analyze the landscape dynamics in the Itacaiunas River
Basin, through the application of bibliographic review methodology, cartographic
elaboration, morphometric characterization, land use and occupation and diagnosis
aiming subsidize environmental planning. The theoretical basis was based on the
discussion about the geoecology of the landscape, highlighting the Landscape as a
category of geographic research, in addition to the discussion on hydrographic basins in
environmental management. The research covers three levels of analysis:
characterization of the social and environmental aspects of BHRI; verification of
information extracted from vector and matrix data for physiographic and
fluviomorphological characterization of the basin, a stage in which it is intended to
apply the morphological and vegetative indices; and the elaboration of the diagnosis and
prognosis for BHRI. The research results present important data on this spatial cutout,
primarily on environmental elements in addition to socioeconomic data. Subsequently,
the morphometric data of hypsometry, slope, compartmentalization in high, medium
and low course were analyzed, and also the hierarchy data of the channels, confirming a
5th order drainage, in addition to the morphometric data from which the conditions of
susceptibility to floods. On the classes of land use and occupation, through the analysis
of Landsat 8 Oli sensor images, acquired on 06/28/2020, in orbits 223, 224, 225 and
points 65, 64, 4 classes were identified: Water ( 0.228%), Ombrophilous Dense Forest
(41.934%), Agriculture (56.625%) and Non-Agricultural Anthropic Area (1.147%),
making it possible to correlate these data with vegetative indices, presenting the spectral
thresholds for dense vegetation, little vegetation and without vegetation the NDVI,
SAVI and IAF values respectively (0.6729715 / 1,009 / 1,609), (0.0189145 / 0.028 / -
1.122), (-0.308115 / -1.492 / -2.949). Finally, regarding the diagnosis of the
identification of environmental problems in the basin, they confirm a high degree of
anthropic intervention, due to the intensive nature of land use and occupation,
aggravated mainly in agricultural areas, modifying the landscape by removing
vegetation cover, in addition to cause changes in the hydrological patterns of the basin.
In turn, the transformations of the landscape are the result of the interaction of man with
nature, which shows the need to carry out an integrated, participatory planning,
according to the current scenario in the referred basin, raised through consistent and
sufficient data to propose solutions. legal, through the types of land use, aiming at an
ideal scenario, with the intention of reversing the current situation of the referred basin.
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